Exam question 3 · Famous eruptions and living with volcanoes

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the monitoring of volcanoes.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern, monitor · To what, where: response, monitoring, volcanoes

This is exam question 3 of lesson 47 «Famous eruptions and living with volcanoes» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 monitoring	det
13	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 volcanoes	case
15	volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 monitoring	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the monitoring of volcanoes		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus monitoring=Experiencer
5	monitor			volcanoes		nom monitoring «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Seismic activity, deformation of the ground and changes in gas emission are observed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Seismic	seismic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 activity	amod
2	activity	activity	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 observed	nsubj:pass
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 deformation	punct
4	deformation	deformation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 activity	appos
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 ground	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 ground	det
7	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 deformation	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 changes	cc
9	changes	change	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 ground	conj
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 emission	case
11	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 emission	compound
12	emission	emission	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 changes	nmod
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 observed	aux:pass
14	observed	observe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	observe	present · passive		Seismic activity					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
2	deform		the ground and changes in gas emission						nom deformation «event intransitive»: of=agent

Option 2

No observation is possible prior to the emission of lava

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 observation	det
2	observation	observation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 emission	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 emission	cop
4	possible	possible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 emission	amod
5	prior	prior	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	8 emission	case
6	to	to	ADP	_	5 prior	fixed
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 emission	det
8	emission	emission	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 lava	case
10	lava	lava	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 emission	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	no observation					prior the possible emission; of lava	tree rules

Option 3

The colour of the summit is photographed annually

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 colour	det
2	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 photographed	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 summit	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 summit	det
5	summit	summit	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 colour	nmod
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 photographed	aux:pass
7	photographed	photograph	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	annually	annually	ADV	_	7 photographed	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	photograph	present · passive		the colour of the summit				annually property	vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 4

The phases of the Moon are recorded and the date of eruption is computed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 phases	det
2	phases	phase	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 recorded	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 Moon	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Moon	det
5	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 phases	nmod
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 recorded	aux:pass
7	recorded	record	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 computed	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 date	det
10	date	date	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 computed	nsubj:pass
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 eruption	case
12	eruption	eruption	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 date	nmod
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 computed	aux:pass
14	computed	compute	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 recorded	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	record	present · passive		the phases of the Moon					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	compute	present · passive		the date of eruption					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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