Exam question 2 · Fossils

Identify the principal condition favouring the formation of a fossil.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, principal condition · What happens: identify, favour · To what, where: principal condition, formation

This is exam question 2 of lesson 57 «Fossils» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 condition	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 condition	amod
4	condition	condition	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	favouring	favour	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 condition	acl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 formation	det
7	formation	formation	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 favouring	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 fossil	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 fossil	det
10	fossil	fossil	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 formation	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal condition					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent condition=Theme
2	favour	gerund	the principal condition not said here	the formation of a fossil					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Immersion of the organism in molten lava

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Immersion	immersion	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 organism	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 organism	det
4	organism	organism	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Immersion	nmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 lava	case
6	molten	molten	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 lava	amod
7	lava	lava	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 organism	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	immerse			the organism in molten lava					nom immersion «event transitive»: of=patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Rapid burial of the organism in sediment subsequently lithified

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rapid	rapid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 burial	amod
2	burial	burial	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 organism	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 organism	det
5	organism	organism	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 burial	nmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 sediment	case
7	sediment	sediment	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 organism	nmod
8	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	_	9 lithified	advmod
9	lithified	lithify	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 sediment	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lithify	participle		sediment not said here				subsequently property	tree rules
2	bury			the organism in sediment					nom burial «event transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

Consumption of the organism by scavengers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Consumption	consumption	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 organism	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 organism	det
4	organism	organism	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Consumption	nmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 scavengers	case
6	scavengers	scavenger	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 organism	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consume			the organism by scavengers					nom consumption «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

Prolonged exposure of the organism to sunlight upon the open ground

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Prolonged	prolong	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 exposure	amod
2	exposure	exposure	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 organism	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 organism	det
5	organism	organism	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 exposure	nmod
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 sunlight	case
7	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 organism	nmod
8	upon	upon	ADP	_	11 ground	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 ground	det
10	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 ground	amod
11	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 exposure	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prolong	participle							vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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