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Test 5 · ★ · Fossils

Two cliffs far apart both contain the same short-lived ammonite species. What can geologists say?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Two cliffs, geologists · What happens: contain, live, say · To what, where: same lived ammonite species · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 57 «Fossils» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Two cliffs far apart both contain the same short-lived ammonite species.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 cliffs	nummod
2	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 contain	nsubj
3	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 contain	advmod
4	apart	apart	ADV	_	6 contain	advmod
5	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	6 contain	nsubj
6	contain	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 species	det
8	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 species	amod
9	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 lived	compound
10	-	-	PUNCT	_	9 short	punct
11	lived	live	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	13 species	amod
12	ammonite	ammonite	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 species	compound
13	species	species	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 contain	obj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 contain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	contain	present	Two cliffs	the same lived ammonite species				apart, far property	vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot species=Theme
2	live	participle							vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What can geologists say?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 say	obj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 say	aux
3	geologists	geologist	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 say	nsubj
4	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	can	geologists						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The rocks are completely different ages, millions of years apart

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rocks	det
2	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 ages	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 ages	cop
4	completely	completely	ADV	_	5 different	advmod
5	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 ages	amod
6	ages	age	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 millions	punct
8	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 ages	conj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 years	case
10	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 millions	nmod
11	apart	apart	ADV	_	6 ages	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the rocks	different ages and millions of years				apart property	tree rules

Option 2

Ammonites lived in both cliffs today

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ammonites	ammonite	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 lived	nsubj
2	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 cliffs	case
4	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	5 cliffs	det
5	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 lived	obl
6	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lived	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	past	Ammonites			both cliffs	today		vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cliff=Location

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The rocks are probably about the same age

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rocks	det
2	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 age	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 age	cop
4	probably	probably	ADV	_	8 age	advmod
5	about	about	ADP	_	8 age	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 age	det
7	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 age	amod
8	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the rocks				about the same age	probably property	tree rules

Option 4

The cliffs were once one giant ammonite

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cliffs	det
2	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 ammonite	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 ammonite	cop
4	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	5 one	advmod
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 ammonite	nummod
6	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 ammonite	amod
7	ammonite	ammonite	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the cliffs	one giant ammonite					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/57-fossils/t5/