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Test 11 · Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic

Augustus kept saying the Republic still existed. Was he right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Augustus, Republic · What happens: keep, say, exist, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 of lesson 13 «Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Augustus kept saying the Republic still existed.

nsubjxcompdetnsubjadvmodccomppunctrootAugustusPROPNkeptVERBsayingVERBtheDETRepublicPROPNstillADVexistedVERB.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1AugustusAugustusPROPNNumber=Sing2 keptnsubj
2keptkeepVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
3sayingsayVERBVerbForm=Ger2 keptxcomp
4thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art5 Republicdet
5RepublicRepublicPROPNNumber=Sing7 existednsubj
6stillstillADV_7 existedadvmod
7existedexistVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 sayingccomp
8..PUNCT_2 keptpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1keeppastAugustustree rules
2say speech: assertgerundAugustus not said herevn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3existpastthe Republicstillvn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Was he right?

copnsubjpunctrootWasAUXhePRONrightADJ?PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1WasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 rightcop
2hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs3 rightnsubj
3rightrightADJDegree=Posrootroot
4??PUNCT_3 rightpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispastRepublicright propertytree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, real power was now with him as emperor

discoursepunctamodnsubjcopadvmodcasecasenmodrootNoINTJ,PUNCTrealADJpowerNOUNwasAUXnowADVwithADPhimPRONasADPemperorNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1NonoINTJPolarity=Neg3 realdiscourse
2,,PUNCT_1 Nopunct
3realrealADJDegree=Pos4 poweramod
4powerpowerNOUNNumber=Sing8 himnsubj
5wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin8 himcop
6nownowADVPronType=Dem8 himadvmod
7withwithADP_8 himcase
8himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prsrootroot
9asasADP_10 emperorcase
10emperoremperorNOUNNumber=Sing8 himnmod
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispastreal powernowwith him = he; as emperortree rules

Option 2

Yes, nothing changed at all when he took over

discoursepunctnsubjadvclcaseobladvmodnsubjcompound:prtrootYesINTJ,PUNCTnothingPRONchangedVERBatADPallDETwhenADVhePRONtookVERBoverADP
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1YesyesINTJPolarity=Pos4 changeddiscourse
2,,PUNCT_1 Yespunct
3nothingnothingPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Neg4 changednsubj
4changedchangeVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass9 tookadvcl
5atatADP_6 allcase
6allallDETPronType=Tot4 changedobl
7whenwhenADVPronType=Int9 tookadvmod
8hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs9 tooknsubj
9tooktakeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
10overoverADP_9 tookcompound:prt
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1changeparticiplenothingallvn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2take overpasthevn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

No, he made Rome a Greek city

discoursepunctnsubjobjdetamodobjrootNoINTJ,PUNCThePRONmadeVERBRomePROPNaDETGreekADJcityNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1NonoINTJPolarity=Neg4 madediscourse
2,,PUNCT_4 madepunct
3hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs4 madensubj
4mademakeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
5RomeRomePROPNNumber=Sing4 madeobj
6aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art8 citydet
7GreekGreekADJDegree=Pos8 cityamod
8citycityNOUNNumber=Sing4 madeobj
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1makepasthea Greek cityRomevn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset rome=Beneficiary city=Product

Option 4

Yes, the consuls ruled him

discoursepunctdetnsubjobjrootYesINTJ,PUNCTtheDETconsulsNOUNruledVERBhimPRON
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1YesyesINTJPolarity=Pos5 ruleddiscourse
2,,PUNCT_1 Yespunct
3thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art4 consulsdet
4consulsconsulNOUNNumber=Plur5 rulednsubj
5ruledruleVERBMood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
6himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs5 ruledobj
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1rulepastthe consulshim = hevn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent he=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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