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Test 2 · ★★★ · The age of science

Galileo saw moons going around Jupiter. Why did that upset the old idea that everything circles the Earth?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Galileo, moons, that, everything · What happens: see, go, upset, circle · To what, where: moons, Jupiter, old idea, Earth

This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 29 «The age of science» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Galileo saw moons going around Jupiter.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Galileo	Galileo	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 saw	nsubj
2	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	moons	moon	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 saw	obj
4	going	go	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 moons	acl
5	around	around	ADP	_	6 Jupiter	case
6	Jupiter	Jupiter	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 going	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 saw	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	past	Galileo	moons					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer moon=Stimulus
2	go	gerund	moons not said here			Jupiter			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme around jupiter=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why did that upset the old idea that everything circles the Earth?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 upset	advmod
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 upset	aux
3	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 upset	nsubj
4	upset	upset	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 circles	obl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 idea	det
6	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 idea	amod
7	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 upset	obj
8	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 circles	mark
9	everything	everything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	10 circles	nsubj
10	circles	circle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Earth	det
12	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 circles	obj
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	10 circles	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	upset	past · do-support	that	the old idea					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus idea=Experiencer
2	circle	present	everything	the Earth					vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme earth=Co-Theme

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Here were things clearly circling something else

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	5 circling	advmod
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 circling	aux
3	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 circling	nsubj
4	clearly	clearly	ADV	_	5 circling	advmod
5	circling	circle	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	5 circling	obj
7	else	else	ADV	_	6 something	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	circle	past · progressive	things	something		here		clearly property	vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Co-Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Jupiter's moons were circling the Earth, like everything

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jupiter	Jupiter	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 moons	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Jupiter	case
3	moons	moon	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 circling	nsubj
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 circling	aux
5	circling	circle	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Earth	det
7	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 circling	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 everything	punct
9	like	like	ADP	_	10 everything	case
10	everything	everything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	5 circling	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	circle	past · progressive	Jupiter's moons	the Earth					vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme earth=Co-Theme

Option 3

It had nothing to do with it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 had	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 do	mark
5	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 nothing	acl
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 it	case
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 do	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	It	nothing					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient
2	do	to-infinitive		nothing not said here				with it	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It proved Jupiter was flat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 proved	nsubj
2	proved	prove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Jupiter	Jupiter	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 flat	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 flat	cop
5	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 proved	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prove	past	It						vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
2	is	past	Jupiter					flat property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/29-the-age-of-science/t2/