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Test 3 · ★★★ · The age of science

An old book says heavy things always fall faster. What would a scientist of this age do?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: old book, heavy things, scientist · What happens: say, fall, do · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 29 «The age of science» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: An old book says heavy things always fall faster.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 book	det
2	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 book	amod
3	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 things	amod
6	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 fall	nsubj
7	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	8 fall	advmod
8	fall	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 says	ccomp
9	faster	fast	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 fall	xcomp
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a old book						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	fall	present	heavy things					always, fast property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would a scientist of this age do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	8 do	obj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 do	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 scientist	det
4	scientist	scientist	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 do	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 age	case
6	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	7 age	det
7	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 scientist	nmod
8	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	would	a scientist of this age						vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Drop things and measure what really happens

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Drop	drop	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Drop	obj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 measure	cc
4	measure	measure	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Drop	conj
5	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	7 happens	nsubj
6	really	really	ADV	_	7 happens	advmod
7	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 measure	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drop	imperative	you not said here	things					vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme
2	measure	present	you not said here						tree rules
3	happen	present							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Believe the old book just because it is so very old

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Believe	believe	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 book	det
3	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 book	amod
4	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Believe	obj
5	just	just	ADV	_	11 old	advmod
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 old	mark
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 old	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 old	cop
9	so	so	ADV	_	11 old	advmod
10	very	very	ADV	_	11 old	advmod
11	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Believe	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	believe	imperative	you not said here	the old book					vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer book=Stimulus
2	is	present	book					old property	tree rules

Option 3

Ask the king to decide

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ask	ask	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 king	det
3	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ask	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 decide	mark
5	decide	decide	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Ask	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ask speech: ask	imperative	you not said here		the king				vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent king=Recipient clause=Topic
2	decide not said to happen	to-infinitive	you not said here						vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Burn the book and guess

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Burn	burn	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 book	det
3	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Burn	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 guess	cc
5	guess	guess	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 book	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	burn	imperative	you not said here	the book and guess					vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent book=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/29-the-age-of-science/t3/