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Test 11 · Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks

Danylo: «Cossacks alone saved Europe at Khotyn». Teacher: «the Polish army won». Fair answer?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Danylo, Teacher · What happens: save, win · To what, where: Europe, Khotyn

This is test 11 of lesson 43 «Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Danylo: «Cossacks alone saved Europe at Khotyn».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 saved	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 saved	punct
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 Cossacks	punct
4	Cossacks	cossack	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 saved	nsubj
5	alone	alone	ADV	_	4 Cossacks	advmod
6	saved	save	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 saved	obj
8	at	at	ADP	_	9 Khotyn	case
9	Khotyn	Khotyn	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 saved	obl
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 Khotyn	punct
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 saved	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	save in a quote	past	Danylo	Europe		Khotyn			vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent europe=Theme at khotyn=Asset

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Teacher: «the Polish army won».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 won	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Teacher	punct
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 won	punct
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 army	det
5	Polish	polish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 army	amod
6	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 won	nsubj
7	won	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	7 won	punct
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 won	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win in a quote	past	Teacher						vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Sentence 3: Fair answer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 answer	amod
2	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 answer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The Ottomans won easily

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Ottomans	det
2	Ottomans	Ottoman	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 won	nsubj
3	won	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	easily	easily	ADV	_	3 won	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	past	the Ottomans					easily property	vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Only the Poles fought

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 Poles	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Poles	det
3	Poles	pole	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 fought	nsubj
4	fought	fight	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fight	past	the Poles						vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Only the Cossacks fought

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 Cossacks	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Cossacks	det
3	Cossacks	Cossack	PROPN	Number=Plur	4 fought	nsubj
4	fought	fight	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fight	past	the Cossacks						vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

They fought together, and Sahaidachny's Cossacks were crucial

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 fought	nsubj
2	fought	fight	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	together	together	ADV	_	2 fought	advmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 crucial	punct
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 crucial	cc
6	Sahaidachny	Sahaidachny	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Cossacks	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 Sahaidachny	case
8	Cossacks	Cossack	PROPN	Number=Plur	10 crucial	nsubj
9	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 crucial	cop
10	crucial	crucial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 fought	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fight	past	They					together property	vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	past	Sahaidachny's Cossacks					crucial property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks/t11/