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Test 10 · Two empires and Shevchenko

Danylo says Ukrainians were never serfs. How would the teacher prove otherwise?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Danylo, Ukrainians, teacher · What happens: say, not be, prove · To what, where: serfs · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 of lesson 45 «Two empires and Shevchenko» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Danylo says Ukrainians were never serfs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Ukrainians	Ukrainian	PROPN	Number=Plur	6 serfs	nsubj
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 serfs	cop
5	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	6 serfs	advmod
6	serfs	serf	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 says	ccomp
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Danylo						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	not is a	past	Ukrainians	serfs					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How would the teacher prove otherwise?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	5 prove	advmod
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 prove	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 teacher	det
4	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 prove	nsubj
5	prove	prove	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	otherwise	otherwise	ADV	_	5 prove	advmod
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 prove	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prove	would	the teacher					otherwise property	vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1

By naming Gogol

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 naming	mark
2	naming	name	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	Gogol	Gogol	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 naming	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	name	gerund		Gogol					vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gogol=Theme

Option 2

By showing the Sich

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 showing	mark
2	showing	show	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Sich	det
4	Sich	Sich	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 showing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	gerund			the Sich				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent sich=Recipient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Shevchenko himself was born a serf

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shevchenko	Shevchenko	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 born	nsubj:pass
2	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	1 Shevchenko	nmod:unmarked
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 born	aux:pass
4	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 serf	det
6	serf	serf	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 born	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	past · passive		Shevchenko Shevchenko					vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 4

It cannot be proved

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 proved	nsubj:pass
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 proved	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 proved	advmod
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 proved	aux:pass
5	proved	prove	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not prove	can · passive		It					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/45-two-empires-and-shevchenko/t10/