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Test 10 · ★ · Ancient India: the Indus cities and the first kingdoms

A gamer says India in history was always one country under one king. Is that right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: gamer, India, that · What happens: say, be · To what, where: one country · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 7 «Ancient India: the Indus cities and the first kingdoms» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A gamer says India in history was always one country under one king.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 gamer	det
2	gamer	gamer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 country	nsubj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 history	case
6	history	history	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 India	nmod
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 country	cop
8	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	9 one	advmod
9	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 country	nummod
10	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	ccomp
11	under	under	ADP	_	13 king	case
12	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 king	nummod
13	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 country	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a gamer						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a	past	India in history	one country				under one king	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is that right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
2	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 right	nsubj
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	that					right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, there were many kingdoms; empires like the Maurya came and went

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 were	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	4 were	expl
4	were	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 came	advcl
5	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 kingdoms	amod
6	kingdoms	kingdom	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 were	nsubj
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 came	punct
8	empires	empire	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 came	nsubj
9	like	like	ADP	_	11 Maurya	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Maurya	det
11	Maurya	Maurya	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 empires	nmod
12	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 went	cc
14	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 came	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	many kingdoms			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	come	past	empires like the Maurya						vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	go	past	empires like the Maurya not said here						vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Yes, always one king since the start

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 king	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 king	advmod
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 king	nummod
5	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	since	since	ADP	_	8 start	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 start	det
8	start	start	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 king	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

No, India had no kings at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 had	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 had	nsubj
4	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 kings	det
6	kings	king	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 had	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 had	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	India	no kings		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Patient

Option 4

Yes, the Indus king ruled until today

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 ruled	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 king	det
4	Indus	Indus	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 king	compound
5	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ruled	nsubj
6	ruled	rule	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	until	until	ADP	_	8 today	case
8	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ruled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rule	past	the Indus king				today		vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/7-ancient-india-the-indus-cities-and-the-first-kingdoms/t10/