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Test 7 · Cities then and now: the biggest cities of every age and o…

Liam's mate: "Angkor was lost in the jungle till explorers found it." Liam: "Sus." ("Sus" means suspicious.) Why is Liam right to doubt it?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate, explorers, Sus, Liam right · What happens: lose, find, mean, be, doubt · To what, where: Angkor, jungle, right

This is test 7 of lesson 74 «Cities then and now: the biggest cities of every age and of today» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Liam's mate: "Angkor was lost in the jungle till explorers found it."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Liam	Liam	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 mate	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Liam	case
3	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 lost	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 lost	punct
6	Angkor	Angkor	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 lost	nsubj:pass
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 lost	aux:pass
8	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 mate	acl:relcl
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 jungle	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 jungle	det
11	jungle	jungle	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lost	obl
12	till	till	SCONJ	_	14 found	mark
13	explorers	explorer	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 found	nsubj
14	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 lost	advcl
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 found	obj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 mate	punct
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 mate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose in a quote	past · passive	Liam's mate not said here	Angkor		the jungle			vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
2	find in a quote	past	explorers	jungle					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Liam: "Sus."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Liam	Liam	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Sus	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	4 Sus	punct
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 Sus	punct
4	Sus	sus	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 Sus	punct
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 Sus	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 3: ("Sus" means suspicious.)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct
2	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Sus	punct
3	Sus	sus	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Sus	punct
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	suspicious	suspicious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 means	xcomp
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct
8	)	)	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Sus					suspicious property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Sentence 4: Why is Liam right to doubt it?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Rel	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Why	cop
3	Liam	Liam	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 right	compound
4	right	right	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Why	nsubj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 doubt	mark
6	doubt	doubt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 right	acl
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 doubt	obj
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Liam right					why property	tree rules
2	doubt	to-infinitive	Liam right not said here	right					vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

The options

Option 1

Angkor is in Europe, not in any jungle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Angkor	Angkor	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Europe	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 Europe	cop
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Europe	case
4	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 jungle	punct
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 jungle	advmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 jungle	case
8	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	9 jungle	det
9	jungle	jungle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 Europe	appos

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Angkor			Europe			tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Local monks and people kept using Angkor Wat all along

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Local	local	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 monks	amod
2	monks	monk	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 kept	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 people	cc
4	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 monks	conj
5	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	using	use	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 kept	xcomp
7	Angkor	Angkor	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Wat	compound
8	Wat	Wat	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 using	obj
9	all	all	ADV	_	10 along	advmod
10	along	along	ADV	_	6 using	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	past	Local monks and people						tree rules
2	use	gerund	Local monks and people not said here	Angkor Wat				along property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wat=Patient

Option 3

Angkor was found on the Moon by astronauts

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Angkor	Angkor	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 found	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 found	aux:pass
3	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 Moon	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Moon	det
6	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 found	obl
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 astronauts	case
8	astronauts	astronaut	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 found	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	past · passive	astronauts	Angkor		the Moon			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic

Option 4

Explorers built Angkor themselves and then said they found it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Explorers	explorer	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 built	nsubj
2	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Angkor	Angkor	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 built	obj
4	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	2 built	obl:unmarked
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 said	cc
6	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	7 said	advmod
7	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 built	conj
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 found	nsubj
9	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 said	ccomp
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 found	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	past	Explorers	Angkor				Explorers = explorer obl:unmarked	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset angkor=Product
2	say speech: assert	past	Explorers not said here				then		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	find	past	Explorers = explorer	it					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/74-the-biggest-cities-of-every-age-and-of-today/t7/