Test 8 · Cities then and now: the biggest cities of every age and o… Ava's Missouri uncle: "Y'all, there wasn't nothin' here but prairie before St Louis." ("Y'all" means you all.) What does Cahokia show?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Missouri uncle, Y'all, Cahokia · What happens: be, mean, show · To what, where: you
This is test 8 of lesson 74 «Cities then and now: the biggest cities of every age and of today» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Ava's Missouri uncle: "Y'all, there wasn't nothin' here but prairie before St Louis."
nmod:poss case compound nsubj punct punct nsubj punct expl cop advmod nsubj punct cc conj case compound nmod punct punct root Ava PROPN 's PART Missouri PROPN uncle NOUN : PUNCT " PUNCT Y'all PROPN , PUNCT there PRON was AUX n't PART nothin NOUN ' PUNCT here ADV but CCONJ prairie NOUN before ADP St PROPN Louis PROPN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ava Ava PROPN Number=Sing 4 uncle nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Ava case 3 Missouri Missouri PROPN Number=Sing 4 uncle compound 4 uncle uncle NOUN Number=Sing 14 here nsubj 5 : : PUNCT _ 7 Y'all punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 7 Y'all punct 7 Y'all Y'all PROPN Number=Sing 14 here nsubj 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 was punct 9 there there PRON PronType=Dem 10 was expl 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 here cop 11 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 12 nothin advmod 12 nothin nothin NOUN Number=Sing 10 was nsubj 13 ' ' PUNCT _ 12 nothin punct 14 here here ADV PronType=Dem root root 15 but but CCONJ _ 16 prairie cc 16 prairie prairie NOUN Number=Sing 14 here conj 17 before before ADP _ 19 Louis case 18 St St PROPN Number=Sing 19 Louis compound 19 Louis Louis PROPN Number=Sing 16 prairie nmod 20 . . PUNCT _ 14 here punct 21 " " PUNCT _ 14 here punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote past Ava's Missouri uncle here property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: ("Y'all" means you all.)
punct punct nsubj punct obj nmod:unmarked punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT Y'all PROPN " PUNCT means VERB you PRON all DET . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 means punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 3 Y'all punct 3 Y'all Y'all PROPN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 Y'all punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 means obj 7 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 you nmod:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct 9 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Y'all you vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Topic
Sentence 3: What does Cahokia show?
obj aux nsubj punct root What PRON does AUX Cahokia PROPN show VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 4 show obj 2 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 show aux 3 Cahokia Cahokia PROPN Number=Sing 4 show nsubj 4 show show VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 show punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show present · do-support Cahokia vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient
The options Option 1 · ✓ the right answer A big city of maybe 10,000 to 20,000 people stood nearby around 1100
det amod nsubj case advmod nummod case nmod nmod advmod case obl root A DET big ADJ city NOUN of ADP maybe ADV 10,000 NUM to ADP 20,000 NUM people NOUN stood VERB nearby ADV around ADP 1100 NUM The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 city det 2 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 3 city amod 3 city city NOUN Number=Sing 10 stood nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 9 people case 5 maybe maybe ADV _ 6 10,000 advmod 6 10,000 10000 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 people nummod 7 to to ADP _ 8 20,000 case 8 20,000 20000 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 10,000 nmod 9 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 city nmod 10 stood stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 11 nearby nearby ADV _ 10 stood advmod 12 around around ADP _ 13 1100 case 13 1100 1100 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 stood obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand past a big city of 10,000 people 1100 nearby property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent around 1100=Location
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice Cahokia was built by the French in 1900
nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl case obl root Cahokia PROPN was AUX built VERB by ADP the DET French ADJ in ADP 1900 NUM The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cahokia Cahokia PROPN Number=Sing 3 built nsubj:pass 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 built aux:pass 3 built build VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 by by ADP _ 6 French case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 French det 6 French French ADJ Degree=Pos 3 built obl 7 in in ADP _ 8 1900 case 8 1900 1900 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 built obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past · passive Cahokia 1900 by the French vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Option 3 He is right: no one at all lived there before the French came in the 1700s
The tree, 16 words nsubj cop nsubj punct det nsubj case nmod parataxis advmod case det obl case det obl root He PRON is AUX right ADJ : PUNCT no DET one NOUN at ADP all DET lived VERB there ADV before ADP the DET French PROPN came VERB in ADP the DET 1700s NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 right nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 right cop 3 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 14 came nsubj 4 : : PUNCT _ 9 lived punct 5 no no DET PronType=Neg 6 one det 6 one one NOUN Number=Sing 9 lived nsubj 7 at at ADP _ 8 all case 8 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 one nmod 9 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 right parataxis 10 there there ADV PronType=Dem 9 lived advmod 11 before before ADP _ 13 French case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 French det 13 French French PROPN Number=Sing 9 lived obl 14 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 15 in in ADP _ 17 1700s case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 1700s det 17 1700s 1700 NOUN Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card 14 came obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present He right property tree rules 2 live past no one at all the French; there vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before french=Location 3 come past right the 1700s vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 1700=Location
Option 4 Cahokia was a Roman camp
nsubj cop det amod root Cahokia PROPN was AUX a DET Roman ADJ camp NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cahokia Cahokia PROPN Number=Sing 5 camp nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 camp cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 camp det 4 Roman roman ADJ Degree=Pos 5 camp amod 5 camp camp NOUN Number=Sing root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Cahokia a Roman camp tree rules
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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