Test 10 · ★★★ · Games vs history: tech trees, barbarians, empty lands, won… Ruby: "Where are the peasants in this game? It's all kings and generals, tho." What's the real picture?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: game, real picture · What happens: be · To what, where: peasants, game, kings
This is test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 80 «Games vs history: tech trees, barbarians, empty lands, wonders and falls» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Ruby: "Where are the peasants in this game?
punct punct advmod cop det appos case det nmod punct root Ruby PROPN : PUNCT " PUNCT Where ADV are AUX the DET peasants NOUN in ADP this DET game NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ruby Ruby PROPN Number=Sing root root 2 : : PUNCT _ 7 peasants punct 3 " " PUNCT _ 4 Where punct 4 Where where ADV PronType=Rel 7 peasants advmod 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 peasants cop 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 peasants det 7 peasants peasant NOUN Number=Plur 1 Ruby appos 8 in in ADP _ 10 game case 9 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 10 game det 10 game game NOUN Number=Sing 7 peasants nmod 11 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 Ruby punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present the peasants this game tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: It's all kings and generals, tho."
nsubj cop advmod cc conj punct conj punct punct root It PRON 's AUX all ADV kings NOUN and CCONJ generals NOUN , PUNCT tho NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 kings nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 kings cop 3 all all ADV _ 4 kings advmod 4 kings king NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 generals cc 6 generals general NOUN Number=Plur 4 kings conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 tho punct 8 tho tho NOUN Number=Sing 4 kings conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 kings punct 10 " " PUNCT _ 4 kings punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present game kings and generals and tho all property tree rules
Sentence 3: What's the real picture?
cop det amod nsubj punct root What PRON 's AUX the DET real ADJ picture NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int root root 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 What cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 picture det 4 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 5 picture amod 5 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing 1 What nsubj 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 What punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the real picture tree rules
The options Option 1 · ✓ the right answer Most people, often eight or nine in ten, were farmers
amod nsubj punct advmod appos cc conj case nmod punct cop root Most ADJ people NOUN , PUNCT often ADV eight NUM or CCONJ nine NUM in ADP ten NUM , PUNCT were AUX farmers NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Most most ADJ Degree=Sup 2 people amod 2 people people NOUN Number=Plur 12 farmers nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 eight punct 4 often often ADV _ 5 eight advmod 5 eight eight NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 people appos 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 nine cc 7 nine nine NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 eight conj 8 in in ADP _ 9 ten case 9 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 eight nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 2 people punct 11 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 farmers cop 12 farmers farmer NOUN Number=Plur root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Most people farmers tree rules
Option 2 Peasants were very rare, most people were lords and knights
nsubj cop advmod punct amod nsubj cop parataxis cc conj root Peasants NOUN were AUX very ADV rare ADJ , PUNCT most ADJ people NOUN were AUX lords NOUN and CCONJ knights NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Peasants peasant NOUN Number=Plur 4 rare nsubj 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 rare cop 3 very very ADV _ 4 rare advmod 4 rare rare ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 lords punct 6 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 7 people amod 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur 9 lords nsubj 8 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 lords cop 9 lords lord NOUN Number=Plur 4 rare parataxis 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 knights cc 11 knights knight NOUN Number=Plur 9 lords conj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Peasants rare property tree rules 2 is a past most people lords and knights tree rules
Option 3 Kings and generals did most of the farming by themselves
nsubj cc conj obj case det nmod case obl root Kings NOUN and CCONJ generals NOUN did VERB most ADJ of ADP the DET farming NOUN by ADP themselves PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kings king NOUN Number=Plur 4 did nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 generals cc 3 generals general NOUN Number=Plur 1 Kings conj 4 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 4 did obj 6 of of ADP _ 8 farming case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 farming det 8 farming farming NOUN Number=Sing 5 most nmod 9 by by ADP _ 10 themselves case 10 themselves themselves PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 4 did obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do past Kings and generals most of the farming by Kings = king vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Eventuality
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice Nobody farmed at all before tractors and machines came along
nsubj case obl mark nsubj cc conj advcl advmod root Nobody PRON farmed VERB at ADP all DET before SCONJ tractors NOUN and CCONJ machines NOUN came VERB along ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 2 farmed nsubj 2 farmed farm VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 at at ADP _ 4 all case 4 all all DET PronType=Tot 2 farmed obl 5 before before SCONJ _ 9 came mark 6 tractors tractor NOUN Number=Plur 9 came nsubj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 machines cc 8 machines machine NOUN Number=Plur 6 tractors conj 9 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 farmed advcl 10 along along ADV _ 9 came advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 farm past Nobody all vn rear-26.2.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 come along past tractors and machines along property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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