Test 11 · ★★★ · Games vs history: tech trees, barbarians, empty lands, won… Ben's AI rival pops up: "I denounce you!" Ben: "Was real diplomacy that salty?" ("Salty" means grumpy.) What do the Amarna letters show?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: AI rival, I, Ben, Salty, Amarna letters · What happens: pop up, denounce, be, mean, show · To what, where: you, real diplomacy · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 80 «Games vs history: tech trees, barbarians, empty lands, wonders and falls» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Ben's AI rival pops up: "I denounce you!"
nmod:poss case compound nsubj compound:prt punct punct nsubj parataxis obj punct punct root Ben PROPN 's PART AI NOUN rival NOUN pops VERB up ADP : PUNCT " PUNCT I PRON denounce VERB you PRON ! PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ben Ben PROPN Number=Sing 4 rival nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Ben case 3 AI ai NOUN Number=Sing 4 rival compound 4 rival rival NOUN Number=Sing 5 pops nsubj 5 pops pop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 up up ADP _ 5 pops compound:prt 7 : : PUNCT _ 10 denounce punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 10 denounce punct 9 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 denounce nsubj 10 denounce denounce VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 pops parataxis 11 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 denounce obj 12 ! ! PUNCT _ 10 denounce punct 13 " " PUNCT _ 10 denounce punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pop up present Ben's AI rival tree rules 2 denounce in a quote present I you vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Ben: "Was real diplomacy that salty?"
nsubj punct punct cop amod det nsubj punct punct root Ben PROPN : PUNCT " PUNCT Was AUX real ADJ diplomacy NOUN that PRON salty NOUN ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ben Ben PROPN Number=Sing 6 diplomacy nsubj 2 : : PUNCT _ 6 diplomacy punct 3 " " PUNCT _ 6 diplomacy punct 4 Was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 diplomacy cop 5 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 6 diplomacy amod 6 diplomacy diplomacy NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 salty det 8 salty salty NOUN Number=Sing 6 diplomacy nsubj 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 diplomacy punct 10 " " PUNCT _ 6 diplomacy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote past Ben real diplomacy tree rules
Sentence 3: ("Salty" means grumpy.)
punct punct nsubj punct xcomp punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT Salty ADJ " PUNCT means VERB grumpy ADJ . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 means punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 3 Salty punct 3 Salty salty ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means nsubj 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 Salty punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 grumpy grumpy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Salty grumpy property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Sentence 4: What do the Amarna letters show?
obj cop det compound nsubj punct root What PRON do AUX the DET Amarna PROPN letters NOUN show VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 6 show obj 2 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 What cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 letters det 4 Amarna Amarna PROPN Number=Sing 5 letters compound 5 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 6 show nsubj 6 show show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 show punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present tree rules 2 show present the Amarna letters vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
The options Option 1 Kings sent only armies, never letters
nsubj advmod obj punct advmod obl root Kings NOUN sent VERB only ADV armies NOUN , PUNCT never ADV letters NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kings king NOUN Number=Plur 2 sent nsubj 2 sent send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 only only ADV _ 4 armies advmod 4 armies army NOUN Number=Plur 2 sent obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 letters punct 6 never never ADV PronType=Neg 7 letters advmod 7 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 2 sent obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send past Kings armies letters obl vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent army=Theme
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer Kings wrote polite letters, called each other «brother» and asked for gifts
The tree, 12 words nsubj amod obj punct acl det amod punct xcomp punct cc conj case obl root Kings NOUN wrote VERB polite ADJ letters NOUN , PUNCT called VERB each DET other ADJ « PUNCT brother NOUN » PUNCT and CCONJ asked VERB for ADP gifts NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kings king NOUN Number=Plur 2 wrote nsubj 2 wrote write VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 polite polite ADJ Degree=Pos 4 letters amod 4 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 2 wrote obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 called punct 6 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 letters acl 7 each each DET PronType=Tot 10 brother det 8 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 10 brother amod 9 « « PUNCT _ 10 brother punct 10 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 6 called xcomp 11 » » PUNCT _ 10 brother punct 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 asked cc 13 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 wrote conj 14 for for ADP _ 15 gifts case 15 gifts gift NOUN Number=Plur 13 asked obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write past Kings polite letters vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme 2 call participle polite letters not said here each other brother vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 ask speech: ask past Kings not said here for gifts vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Option 3 Kings never talked to each other
nsubj advmod case obl fixed root Kings NOUN never ADV talked VERB to ADP each DET other ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kings king NOUN Number=Plur 3 talked nsubj 2 never never ADV PronType=Neg 3 talked advmod 3 talked talk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to ADP _ 5 each case 5 each each DET ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp 3 talked obl 6 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 5 each fixed
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not talk past Kings to each vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to each=Co-Agent
Option 4 Kings only shouted insults
nsubj advmod obj root Kings NOUN only ADV shouted VERB insults NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kings king NOUN Number=Plur 3 shouted nsubj 2 only only ADV _ 3 shouted advmod 3 shouted shout VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 insults insult NOUN Number=Plur 3 shouted obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shout speech: express past Kings insults vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insult=Topic
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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