Test 2 · ★ · Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin
Gran says "Mayday is a call about May Day, love, the spring holiday." Is she right?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Gran, Mayday · What happens: say, be · To what, where: call · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 23 «Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Gran says "Mayday is a call about May Day, love, the spring holiday."
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gran | Gran | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 says | nsubj |
| 2 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 call | punct |
| 4 | Mayday | Mayday | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 call | nsubj |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 call | cop |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 call | det |
| 7 | call | call | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 says | ccomp |
| 8 | about | about | ADP | _ | 10 Day | case |
| 9 | May | May | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Day | compound |
| 10 | Day | Day | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 call | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 love | punct |
| 12 | love | love | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 call | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 holiday | punct |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 holiday | det |
| 15 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 holiday | compound |
| 16 | holiday | holiday | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 call | conj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 says | punct |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Gran | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | Mayday | a call and love and the spring holiday | about May Day | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Is she right?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 right | cop |
| 2 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 right | nsubj |
| 3 | right | right | ADV | _ | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 right | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Mayday | right property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Yes, it means "a nice day"
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 4 means | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 means | nsubj |
| 4 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 day | punct |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 day | det |
| 7 | nice | nice | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 day | amod |
| 8 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 means | obj |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 day | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | it | day | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
Option 2
Yes, it was first shouted on the first of May
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 6 shouted | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 shouted | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 shouted | aux:pass |
| 5 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 6 shouted | advmod |
| 6 | shouted | shout | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 9 first | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 first | det |
| 9 | first | first | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 6 shouted | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 May | case |
| 11 | May | May | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 first | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shout speech: express | past · passive | it | the first of May | first property | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
No, it comes from French "m'aider", help me
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 4 comes | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 comes | punct |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 comes | nsubj |
| 4 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 help | advcl |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 French | case |
| 6 | French | French | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 comes | obl |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 m'aider | punct |
| 8 | m'aider | m'aider | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 French | appos |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 m'aider | punct |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 comes | punct |
| 11 | help | help | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 help | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | it | French | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from french=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | help | imperative | you not said here | me | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary |
Option 4
No, it comes from Latin "maximus"
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 4 comes | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 comes | punct |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 comes | nsubj |
| 4 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 Latin | case |
| 6 | Latin | Latin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 comes | obl |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 maximus | punct |
| 8 | maximus | maximus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 comes | obl |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 maximus | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | it | maximus | Latin | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from latin=Initial_Location |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/23-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin/t2/