Test 9 · Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukra…
Puzzle: one word for the drink sailed to Europe on ships, the other came over land. Which English word came by sea?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Puzzle, other, English word · What happens: sail, come · To what, where: Europe, ships, land
This is test 9 of lesson 24 «Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Puzzle: one word for the drink sailed to Europe on ships, the other came over land.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Puzzle | puzzle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sailed | nsubj |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 4 word | punct |
| 3 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 word | nummod |
| 4 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Puzzle | appos |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 drink | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 drink | det |
| 7 | drink | drink | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 word | nmod |
| 8 | sailed | sail | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 Europe | case |
| 10 | Europe | Europe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 sailed | obl |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 ships | case |
| 12 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 sailed | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 came | punct |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 other | det |
| 15 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 came | nsubj |
| 16 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 sailed | conj |
| 17 | over | over | ADP | _ | 18 land | case |
| 18 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 came | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 sailed | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sail | past | Puzzle | Europe | ships | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent to europe=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | come | past | the other | land | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme over land=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Which English word came by sea?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 came | obl |
| 2 | English | English | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 word | amod |
| 3 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 6 sea | case |
| 6 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | obl |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | English word | by sea | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by sea=Location |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Chai, from Mandarin "chá"
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chai | chai | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Mandarin | punct |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 4 Mandarin | case |
| 4 | Mandarin | Mandarin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Chai | appos |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 chá | punct |
| 6 | chá | chá | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Chai | appos |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 chá | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
Sugar, from Arabic "sukkar"
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sugar | sugar | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 sukkar | punct |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 sukkar | case |
| 4 | Arabic | Arabic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 sukkar | compound |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 sukkar | punct |
| 6 | sukkar | sukkar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Sugar | appos |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 sukkar | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
Tea, from Hokkien "te"
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tea | tea | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Hokkien | punct |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 4 Hokkien | case |
| 4 | Hokkien | Hokkien | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Tea | appos |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 te | punct |
| 6 | te | te | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 Hokkien | appos |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 te | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4
Coffee, from Arabic "qahwa"
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Coffee | coffee | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 qahwa | punct |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 qahwa | case |
| 4 | Arabic | Arabic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 qahwa | compound |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 qahwa | punct |
| 6 | qahwa | qahwa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Coffee | appos |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 qahwa | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/t9/