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Test 8 · ★★ · Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement side by side

★★ Theo's dad says «not bad at all, kiddo» about 19 out of 20, and Theo sulks: «he wanted 20». What has Theo missed?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: ★, Theo · What happens: say, sulk, want, miss · To what, where: 19, 20 · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 52 «Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement side by side» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★★ Theo's dad says «not bad at all, kiddo» about 19 out of 20, and Theo sulks: «he wanted 20».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 says	nsubj
2	★	★	PUNCT	_	1 ★	punct
3	Theo	Theo	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 dad	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 Theo	case
5	dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 says	nsubj
6	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 bad	punct
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 bad	advmod
9	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 says	ccomp
10	at	at	ADP	_	11 all	case
11	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	9 bad	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 kiddo	punct
13	kiddo	kiddo	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 bad	vocative
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 bad	punct
15	about	about	ADV	_	16 19	advmod
16	19	19	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 says	obj
17	out	out	ADP	_	19 20	case
18	of	of	ADP	_	19 20	case
19	20	20	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	16 19	nmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 sulks	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 sulks	cc
22	Theo	Theo	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 sulks	nsubj
23	sulks	sulk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 says	conj
24	:	:	PUNCT	_	27 wanted	punct
25	«	«	PUNCT	_	27 wanted	punct
26	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 wanted	nsubj
27	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 sulks	ccomp
28	20	20	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	27 wanted	obj
29	»	»	PUNCT	_	27 wanted	punct
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	★	19		20			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent 19=Topic
2	sulk	present	Theo						tree rules
3	want in a quote	past	Theo	20					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot 20=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What has Theo missed?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 missed	obj
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 missed	aux
3	Theo	Theo	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 missed	nsubj
4	missed	miss	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 missed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	miss	present · perfect	Theo						vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus

The options

Option 1

Dad thinks 19 is a bad score for a test

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 thinks	nsubj
2	thinks	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	19	19	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 score	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 score	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 score	det
6	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 score	amod
7	score	score	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 thinks	ccomp
8	for	for	ADP	_	10 test	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 test	det
10	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 score	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	present	Dad						vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	19	a bad score				for a test	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It was understatement, and Dad is really pleased

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 understatement	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 understatement	cop
3	understatement	understatement	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 pleased	punct
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 pleased	cc
6	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 pleased	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 pleased	cop
8	really	really	ADV	_	9 pleased	advmod
9	pleased	pleased	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 understatement	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	It	understatement					tree rules
2	is	present	Dad					pleased property	tree rules

Option 3

Dad was being sarcastic about the test

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sarcastic	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 sarcastic	cop
3	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 sarcastic	cop
4	sarcastic	sarcastic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	about	about	ADP	_	7 test	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 test	det
7	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sarcastic	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Dad					about the test; sarcastic property	tree rules

Option 4

Dad is cross that he missed one mark

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cross	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 cross	cop
3	cross	cross	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 missed	mark
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 missed	nsubj
6	missed	miss	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 cross	advcl
7	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 mark	nummod
8	mark	mark	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 missed	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Dad					cross property	tree rules
2	miss	past	he	one mark					vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mark=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/52-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side/t8/