Exam question 4 · Hay fever, allergies and EpiPens

State the reason for which persons with severe allergies are advised to carry two auto-injectors.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: persons · What happens: advise, carry · To what, where: persons, two auto injectors

This is exam question 4 of lesson 13 «Hay fever, allergies and EpiPens» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	State	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 reason	det
3	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 State	appos
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	6 persons	det
6	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 advised	nsubj:pass
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 allergies	case
8	severe	severe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 allergies	amod
9	allergies	allergy	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 persons	nmod
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 advised	aux:pass
11	advised	advise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 reason	acl:relcl
12	to	to	PART	_	13 carry	mark
13	carry	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 advised	xcomp
14	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	17 injectors	nummod
15	auto	auto	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 injectors	compound
16	-	-	PUNCT	_	15 auto	punct
17	injectors	injector	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 carry	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 State	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	advise speech: other	present · passive		which persons with severe allergies					vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP how S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
2	carry not said to happen	to-infinitive	which persons with severe allergies not said here	two auto injectors					vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent injector=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

One device is to be kept as a souvenir

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 device	nummod
2	device	device	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kept	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 kept	aux:pass
4	to	to	PART	_	6 kept	mark
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 kept	aux:pass
6	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	as	as	ADP	_	9 souvenir	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 souvenir	det
9	souvenir	souvenir	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kept	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present · passive		One device				as a souvenir	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2

The second is intended for a companion

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 second	det
2	second	second	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 intended	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 intended	aux:pass
4	intended	intend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 companion	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 companion	det
7	companion	companion	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 intended	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	intend	present · passive		the second				for a companion	vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

A single dose may prove insufficient or a device may fail

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 dose	det
2	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 dose	amod
3	dose	dose	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 prove	nsubj
4	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 prove	aux
5	prove	prove	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 prove	xcomp
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 fail	cc
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 device	det
9	device	device	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 fail	nsubj
10	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 fail	aux
11	fail	fail	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 prove	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prove	may	a single dose					insufficient property	vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
2	fail	may	a device						vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Two devices are required by the regulations governing school uniform

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 devices	nummod
2	devices	device	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 required	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 required	aux:pass
4	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 regulations	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 regulations	det
7	regulations	regulation	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 required	obl:agent
8	governing	govern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 regulations	acl
9	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 uniform	compound
10	uniform	uniform	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 governing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive	the regulations	Two devices					vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Precondition
2	govern	gerund	the regulations not said here	school uniform					vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent uniform=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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