Test 1 · ★★ · Trade, tariffs, rich and poor countries Josh says, "UK doesn't grow bananas cos it's too cold, innit." His mate says, "Nah, it's cos bananas are banned." Who's right?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Josh, UK, it, mate · What happens: say, not grow, be, innit, ban · To what, where: bananas, cos bananas · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 37 «Trade, tariffs, rich and poor countries» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Josh says, "UK doesn't grow bananas cos it's too cold, innit."
nsubj punct punct nsubj aux advmod ccomp obj mark nsubj cop advmod advcl punct conj punct punct root Josh PROPN says VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT UK PROPN does AUX n't PART grow VERB bananas NOUN cos SCONJ it PRON 's AUX too ADV cold ADJ , PUNCT innit VERB . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Josh Josh PROPN Number=Sing 2 says nsubj 2 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 says punct 4 " " PUNCT _ 8 grow punct 5 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 8 grow nsubj 6 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 grow aux 7 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 8 grow advmod 8 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 says ccomp 9 bananas banana NOUN Number=Plur 8 grow obj 10 cos cos SCONJ _ 14 cold mark 11 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 cold nsubj 12 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 cold cop 13 too too ADV _ 14 cold advmod 14 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 8 grow advcl 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 innit punct 16 innit innit VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 grow conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 8 grow punct 18 " " PUNCT _ 8 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Josh vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 not grow in a quote present · do-support UK bananas vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location banana=Theme 3 is in a quote present it cold property tree rules 4 innit in a quote infinitive UK not said here tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: His mate says, "Nah, it's cos bananas are banned."
nmod:poss nsubj punct punct discourse punct nsubj cop amod nsubj:pass aux:pass ccomp punct punct root His PRON mate NOUN says VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT Nah INTJ , PUNCT it PRON 's AUX cos ADJ bananas NOUN are AUX banned VERB . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 mate nmod:poss 2 mate mate NOUN Number=Sing 3 says nsubj 3 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 13 banned punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 13 banned punct 6 Nah nah INTJ _ 11 bananas discourse 7 , , PUNCT _ 6 Nah punct 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 bananas nsubj 9 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 bananas cop 10 cos cos ADJ Degree=Pos 11 bananas amod 11 bananas banana NOUN Number=Plur 13 banned nsubj:pass 12 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 banned aux:pass 13 banned ban VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 says ccomp 14 . . PUNCT _ 13 banned punct 15 " " PUNCT _ 13 banned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present UK's mate vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 is a in a quote present mate cos bananas tree rules 3 ban in a quote present · passive cos bananas vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Sentence 3: Who's right?
nsubj cop punct root Who PRON 's AUX right ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Who who PRON PronType=Rel 3 right nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 right cop 3 right right ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 right punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present right property tree rules
The options Option 1 Neither: the UK actually grows most of the world's bananas
advmod punct det nsubj advmod obj case det nmod:poss case nmod root Neither ADV : PUNCT the DET UK PROPN actually ADV grows VERB most ADJ of ADP the DET world NOUN 's PART bananas NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Neither neither ADV _ 6 grows advmod 2 : : PUNCT _ 6 grows punct 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 UK det 4 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 6 grows nsubj 5 actually actually ADV _ 6 grows advmod 6 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 6 grows obj 8 of of ADP _ 12 bananas case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 world det 10 world world NOUN Number=Sing 12 bananas nmod:poss 11 's 's PART _ 10 world case 12 bananas banana NOUN Number=Plur 7 most nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present the UK most of the world's bananas actually, neither property vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location most=Theme
Option 2 His mate: bananas are banned in the UK by a very old food law
The tree, 14 words nmod:poss nsubj:pass punct nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl case det advmod amod compound obl root His PRON mate NOUN : PUNCT bananas NOUN are AUX banned VERB in ADP the DET UK PROPN by ADP a DET very ADV old ADJ food NOUN law NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 mate nmod:poss 2 mate mate NOUN Number=Sing 6 banned nsubj:pass 3 : : PUNCT _ 6 banned punct 4 bananas banana NOUN Number=Plur 6 banned nsubj:pass 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 banned aux:pass 6 banned ban VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 in in ADP _ 9 UK case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 UK det 9 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 6 banned obl 10 by by ADP _ 15 law case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 law det 12 very very ADV _ 13 old advmod 13 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 15 law amod 14 food food NOUN Number=Sing 15 law compound 15 law law NOUN Number=Sing 6 banned obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ban present · passive a old food law His mate the UK vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer subject=Theme
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer Josh: bananas need about 27°C, warmer than our summers
obl punct nsubj advmod nummod compound obj punct amod case nmod:poss obl root Josh PROPN : PUNCT bananas NOUN need VERB about ADV 27 NUM ° SYM C NOUN , PUNCT warmer ADJ than ADP our PRON summers NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Josh Josh PROPN Number=Sing 4 need obl 2 : : PUNCT _ 4 need punct 3 bananas banana NOUN Number=Plur 4 need nsubj 4 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 about about ADV _ 6 27 advmod 6 27 27 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 C nummod 7 ° ° SYM _ 8 C compound 8 C c NOUN Number=Sing 4 need obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 warmer punct 10 warmer warm ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 C amod 11 than than ADP _ 13 summers case 12 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 summers nmod:poss 13 summers summer NOUN Number=Plur 10 warmer obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present bananas Josh vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot c=Theme
Option 4 Both: bananas are banned here because our weather is too cold
det punct nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod mark nmod:poss nsubj cop advmod advcl root Both DET : PUNCT bananas NOUN are AUX banned VERB here ADV because SCONJ our PRON weather NOUN is AUX too ADV cold ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Both both DET PronType=Tot 3 bananas det 2 : : PUNCT _ 1 Both punct 3 bananas banana NOUN Number=Plur 5 banned nsubj:pass 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 banned aux:pass 5 banned ban VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 here here ADV PronType=Dem 5 banned advmod 7 because because SCONJ _ 12 cold mark 8 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 weather nmod:poss 9 weather weather NOUN Number=Sing 12 cold nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 cold cop 11 too too ADV _ 12 cold advmod 12 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 5 banned advcl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ban present · passive both bananas here vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 2 is present our weather cold property tree rules 3 weather our nom weather «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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