Test 2 · ★ · Gambling and honesty with change Uncle Mick says, "I'll win big one day, mark my words." Auntie, from Liverpool, says, "He's lost a fortune, la, it's not boss." ("Boss" means good.) What's the truth?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Uncle, my, Auntie, fortune, Boss, truth · What happens: say, win, mark, word, lose, not be · To what, where: words, Auntie, boss · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 40 «Gambling and honesty with change» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Uncle Mick says, "I'll win big one day, mark my words."
nsubj flat punct punct nsubj aux ccomp amod nummod obl punct conj nmod:poss obj punct punct root Uncle PROPN Mick PROPN says VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT I PRON 'll AUX win VERB big ADJ one NUM day NOUN , PUNCT mark VERB my PRON words NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Uncle Uncle PROPN Number=Sing 3 says nsubj 2 Mick Mick PROPN Number=Sing 1 Uncle flat 3 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 8 win punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 8 win punct 6 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 win nsubj 7 'll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 win aux 8 win win VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 says ccomp 9 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 11 day amod 10 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 day nummod 11 day day NOUN Number=Sing 8 win obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 mark punct 13 mark mark VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 win conj 14 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 words nmod:poss 15 words word NOUN Number=Plur 13 mark obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 8 win punct 17 " " PUNCT _ 8 win punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Uncle vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 win in a quote future Uncle day vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 mark in a quote infinitive Uncle not said here my words vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent word=Destination 4 word in a quote my nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Auntie, from Liverpool, says, "He's lost a fortune, la, it's not boss."
nsubj punct case appos punct punct punct nsubj aux:pass ccomp det obj punct conj punct nsubj cop advmod ccomp punct punct root Auntie NOUN , PUNCT from ADP Liverpool PROPN , PUNCT says VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT He PRON 's AUX lost VERB a DET fortune NOUN , PUNCT la X , PUNCT it PRON 's AUX not PART boss NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Auntie auntie NOUN Number=Sing 6 says nsubj 2 , , PUNCT _ 4 Liverpool punct 3 from from ADP _ 4 Liverpool case 4 Liverpool Liverpool PROPN Number=Sing 1 Auntie appos 5 , , PUNCT _ 1 Auntie punct 6 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 lost punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 11 lost punct 9 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 lost nsubj 10 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 lost aux:pass 11 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 says ccomp 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 fortune det 13 fortune fortune NOUN Number=Sing 11 lost obj 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 la punct 15 la la X Foreign=Yes 13 fortune conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 20 boss punct 17 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 20 boss nsubj 18 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 boss cop 19 not not PART Polarity=Neg 20 boss advmod 20 boss boss NOUN Number=Sing 6 says ccomp 21 . . PUNCT _ 20 boss punct 22 " " PUNCT _ 20 boss punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Auntie vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 lose in a quote present · passive Auntie tree rules 3 not is a in a quote present fortune boss tree rules
Sentence 3: ("Boss" means good.)
punct punct nsubj punct xcomp punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT Boss NOUN " PUNCT means VERB good ADJ . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 means punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 3 Boss punct 3 Boss boss NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 Boss punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Boss good property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Sentence 4: What's the truth?
cop det nsubj punct root What PRON 's AUX the DET truth NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int root root 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 What cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 truth det 4 truth truth NOUN Number=Sing 1 What nsubj 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 What punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the truth tree rules
The options Option 1 Auntie is wrong; gambling every week actually saves you money
nsubj cop punct nsubj det obl:unmarked advmod conj obj obj root Auntie NOUN is AUX wrong ADJ ; PUNCT gambling NOUN every DET week NOUN actually ADV saves VERB you PRON money NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Auntie auntie NOUN Number=Sing 3 wrong nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 wrong cop 3 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 saves punct 5 gambling gambling NOUN Number=Sing 9 saves nsubj 6 every every DET PronType=Tot 7 week det 7 week week NOUN Number=Sing 9 saves obl:unmarked 8 actually actually ADV _ 9 saves advmod 9 saves save VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 wrong conj 10 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 saves obj 11 money money NOUN Number=Sing 9 saves obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Auntie wrong property tree rules 2 save present gambling money you week actually property vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary money=Theme
Option 2 Betting every week always pays off in the end
csubj det obl:unmarked advmod compound:prt case det obl root Betting VERB every DET week NOUN always ADV pays VERB off ADP in ADP the DET end NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Betting bet VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 pays csubj 2 every every DET PronType=Tot 3 week det 3 week week NOUN Number=Sing 1 Betting obl:unmarked 4 always always ADV PronType=Tot 5 pays advmod 5 pays pay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 off off ADP _ 5 pays compound:prt 7 in in ADP _ 9 end case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 end det 9 end end NOUN Number=Sing 5 pays obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bet gerund week vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent 2 pay off present Betting in the end always property vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice He'll definitely win big if he keeps going
nsubj aux advmod xcomp mark nsubj advcl xcomp root He PRON 'll AUX definitely ADV win VERB big ADJ if SCONJ he PRON keeps VERB going VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 win nsubj 2 'll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 win aux 3 definitely definitely ADV _ 4 win advmod 4 win win VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 4 win xcomp 6 if if SCONJ _ 8 keeps mark 7 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 keeps nsubj 8 keeps keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 win advcl 9 going go VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 keeps xcomp
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win future He big, definitely property vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 keep a condition, not said to happen present he tree rules 3 go gerund he not said here vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer On average gamblers lose; he bet £1,040 and won £200
mark amod nsubj advcl punct nsubj obj nummod cc conj obj nummod root On SCONJ average ADJ gamblers NOUN lose VERB ; PUNCT he PRON bet VERB £ SYM 1,040 NUM and CCONJ won VERB £ SYM 200 NUM The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 On on SCONJ _ 4 lose mark 2 average average ADJ Degree=Pos 3 gamblers amod 3 gamblers gambler NOUN Number=Plur 4 lose nsubj 4 lose lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 bet advcl 5 ; ; PUNCT _ 4 lose punct 6 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 bet nsubj 7 bet bet VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 £ £ SYM _ 7 bet obj 9 1,040 1,040 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 £ nummod 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 won cc 11 won win VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 bet conj 12 £ £ SYM _ 11 won obj 13 200 200 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 12 £ nummod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose present average gamblers vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 bet past he vn bill-54.5-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent £=Recipient 3 win past he not said here vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent £=Eventuality
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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