Exam question 1 · Melting, freezing and boiling

Identify the principal reason for which the external surface of a chilled beverage can becomes wet.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, external surface · What happens: identify, chill, become · To what, where: principal reason

This is exam question 1 of lesson 24 «Melting, freezing and boiling» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 becomes	obl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 surface	det
8	external	external	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 surface	amod
9	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 becomes	nsubj
10	of	of	ADP	_	13 beverage	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 beverage	det
12	chilled	chill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 beverage	amod
13	beverage	beverage	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 surface	nmod
14	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 becomes	aux
15	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl
16	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 becomes	xcomp
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	chill	participle				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
3	become	can	the external surface of a chilled beverage		for the principal reason; wet property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The beverage permeates the metal of the can

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 beverage	det
2	beverage	beverage	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 permeates	nsubj
3	permeates	permeate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 metal	det
5	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 permeates	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 can	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 can	det
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 metal	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	permeate	present	the beverage	the metal					tree rules

Option 2

The metal itself liberates water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 metal	det
2	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 liberates	nsubj
3	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	2 metal	nmod:unmarked
4	liberates	liberate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 liberates	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	liberate	present	the metal metal	water					vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Water vapour in the ambient air condenses upon the cold surface

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 vapour	compound
2	vapour	vapour	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 condenses	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 air	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 air	det
5	ambient	ambient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 air	amod
6	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 vapour	nmod
7	condenses	condense	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	upon	upon	ADP	_	11 surface	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 surface	det
10	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 surface	amod
11	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 condenses	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	condense	present	Water vapour in the ambient air					upon the cold surface	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

The can is wetted by the warm hand that holds it, which perspires

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 wetted	det
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 wetted	aux
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 wetted	aux:pass
4	wetted	wett	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	8 hand	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 hand	det
7	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 hand	amod
8	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 wetted	obl
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 holds	nsubj
10	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 hand	acl:relcl
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 holds	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 perspires	punct
13	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 perspires	nsubj
14	perspires	perspire	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 wetted	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	wett	can · passive	the warm hand		tree rules
2	hold	present	the warm hand	hand	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
3	perspire	present			vn exhale-40.1.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/24-melting-freezing-and-boiling/e1/