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Test 5 · ★★ · Melting, freezing and boiling

In a cartoon a snowman melts in seconds when the Sun comes out. What is closer to the truth?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: snowman, Sun · What happens: melt, come out, be · To what, where: cartoon

This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 24 «Melting, freezing and boiling» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a snowman melts in seconds when the Sun comes out.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 melts	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 snowman	det
5	snowman	snowman	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 melts	nsubj
6	melts	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 seconds	case
8	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 melts	obl
9	when	when	SCONJ	_	12 comes	mark
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Sun	det
11	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 comes	nsubj
12	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 melts	advcl
13	out	out	ADP	_	12 comes	compound:prt
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 melts	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	present	a snowman			a cartoon	second		vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	come out	present	the Sun						vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is closer to the truth?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 closer	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 closer	cop
3	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 truth	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 truth	det
6	truth	truth	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 closer	obl
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 closer	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						to the truth; close property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Snow melts the instant sunlight touches it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 melts	nsubj
2	melts	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 sunlight	det
4	instant	instant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 sunlight	amod
5	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 touches	nsubj
6	touches	touch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 melts	ccomp
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 touches	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	present	Snow						tree rules
2	touch	present	the instant sunlight	Snow					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme

Option 2

Snow never melts in sunshine

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 melts	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 melts	advmod
3	melts	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 sunshine	case
5	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 melts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not melt	present	Snow			sunshine			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

Snow melts only at night

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 melts	nsubj
2	melts	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 night	advmod
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 night	case
5	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 melts	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	present	Snow				night		vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Snow melts slowly, because it reflects sunlight and melting needs lots of heat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 melts	nsubj
2	melts	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	2 melts	advmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 reflects	punct
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 reflects	mark
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 reflects	nsubj
7	reflects	reflect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 melts	conj
8	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 reflects	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 needs	cc
10	melting	melting	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 needs	nsubj
11	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 melts	conj
12	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 needs	obj
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 heat	case
14	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 lots	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	present	Snow					slowly property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	reflect	present	Snow	sunlight					tree rules
3	need	present	melting	lots of heat					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot lot=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/24-melting-freezing-and-boiling/t5/