Test 10 · Energy: what makes things happen

Why do you need more food on a cold day outside than on a warm day at home?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: need · To what, where: more food

This is test 10 of lesson 31 «Energy: what makes things happen» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 need	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 need	aux
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 need	nsubj
4	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 food	amod
6	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 need	obj
7	on	on	ADP	_	10 day	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 day	det
9	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 day	amod
10	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 need	obl
11	outside	outside	ADV	_	16 day	advmod
12	than	than	ADP	_	16 day	case
13	on	on	ADP	_	16 day	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 day	det
15	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 day	amod
16	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 need	obl
17	at	at	ADP	_	18 home	case
18	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 day	nmod
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 need	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present · do-support	you	more food			day		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot food=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Cold air makes the food inside you smaller

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 air	amod
2	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	nsubj
3	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 food	det
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	obj
6	inside	inside	ADP	_	7 you	case
7	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 makes	obl
8	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 makes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Cold air	the food				inside you; small property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset food=Product

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Your body uses more energy to keep warm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 body	nmod:poss
2	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 uses	nsubj
3	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 energy	amod
5	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 uses	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 keep	mark
7	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 uses	advcl
8	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 keep	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	Your body	more energy					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Patient
2	keep	to-infinitive	Your body not said here					warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Your tummy grows a lot bigger when it is cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 tummy	nmod:poss
2	tummy	tummy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	nsubj
3	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 lot	det
5	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	obj
6	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 grows	xcomp
7	when	when	SCONJ	_	10 cold	mark
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 cold	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 cold	cop
10	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 grows	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	Your tummy	a lot				big property	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location lot=Theme
2	is	present	tummy					cold property	tree rules

Option 4

You lose food out through your skin in the cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 lose	nsubj
2	lose	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lose	obj
4	out	out	ADP	_	2 lose	compound:prt
5	through	through	ADP	_	7 skin	case
6	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 skin	nmod:poss
7	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lose	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 cold	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 cold	det
10	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lose	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose out	present	You	food		your skin		in the cold	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/31-energy-what-makes-things-happen/t10/