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Test 9 · Energy: what makes things happen

Mum says the water behind the dam is "stored energy". What does she mean?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mum, water · What happens: say, store, be, mean · To what, where: stored energy · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 of lesson 31 «Energy: what makes things happen» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Mum says the water behind the dam is "stored energy".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 water	det
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 energy	nsubj
5	behind	behind	ADP	_	7 dam	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 dam	det
7	dam	dam	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 water	nmod
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 energy	cop
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 energy	punct
10	stored	store	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 energy	amod
11	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	ccomp
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 energy	punct
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Mum						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	store in a quote	participle							vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	is a in a quote	present	the water behind the dam	stored energy					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does she mean?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 mean	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 mean	aux
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 mean	nsubj
4	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 mean	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present · do-support	Mum						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Water up high can fall and spin a turbine

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Water	water	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	up	up	ADP	_	1 Water	compound:prt
3	high	high	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 fall	advmod
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 fall	aux
5	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Water	advcl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 spin	cc
7	spin	spin	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Water	conj
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 turbine	det
9	turbine	turbine	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 spin	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	water up	imperative	you not said here						vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent
2	fall	can	you not said here					high property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	spin	infinitive	you not said here	a turbine					vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent turbine=Theme

Option 2

The water is electric already

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 water	det
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 electric	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 electric	cop
4	electric	electric	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	already	already	ADV	_	4 electric	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the water					electric property	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The water is hot inside

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 water	det
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hot	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hot	cop
4	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	inside	inside	ADV	_	4 hot	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the water					hot, inside property	tree rules

Option 4

The water is full of tiny batteries, like a phone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 water	det
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 full	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 full	cop
4	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 batteries	case
6	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 batteries	amod
7	batteries	battery	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 full	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 phone	punct
9	like	like	ADP	_	11 phone	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 phone	det
11	phone	phone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 full	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the water					of tiny batteries; full property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/31-energy-what-makes-things-happen/t9/