Exam question 1 · Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe

Identify the principal function of the crumple zone of a motor vehicle.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify · To what, where: principal function

This is exam question 1 of lesson 37 «Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 function	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 function	amod
4	function	function	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 zone	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 zone	det
7	crumple	crumple	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 zone	compound
8	zone	zone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 function	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 vehicle	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 vehicle	det
11	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 vehicle	compound
12	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 zone	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal function of the crumple zone of a motor vehicle					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent function=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

To prolong the duration of the collision and so reduce the force upon the occupants

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 prolong	mark
2	prolong	prolong	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 duration	det
4	duration	duration	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 prolong	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 collision	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 collision	det
7	collision	collision	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 duration	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 reduce	cc
9	so	so	ADV	_	10 reduce	advmod
10	reduce	reduce	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 prolong	conj
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 force	det
12	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 reduce	obj
13	upon	upon	ADP	_	15 occupants	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 occupants	det
15	occupants	occupant	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 reduce	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prolong	to-infinitive		the duration of the collision					vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent duration=Theme
2	reduce	infinitive		the force				upon the occupants	vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer force=Patient

Option 2

To render the vehicle lighter subsequent to a collision

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 render	mark
2	render	render	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 vehicle	det
4	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 render	obj
5	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 render	xcomp
6	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 render	xcomp
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 collision	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 collision	det
9	collision	collision	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 subsequent	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	to-infinitive		the vehicle				light, subsequent property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vehicle=Theme

Option 3

To protect the engine at the expense of the occupants

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 protect	mark
2	protect	protect	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 engine	det
4	engine	engine	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 protect	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 expense	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 expense	det
7	expense	expense	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 protect	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 occupants	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 occupants	det
10	occupants	occupant	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 expense	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	protect	to-infinitive		the engine		the expense of the occupants			vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent engine=Beneficiary

Option 4

To arrest the vehicle instantaneously upon impact

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 arrest	mark
2	arrest	arrest	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 vehicle	det
4	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 arrest	obj
5	instantaneously	instantaneously	ADV	_	2 arrest	advmod
6	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 impact	case
7	impact	impact	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 arrest	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	arrest	to-infinitive		the vehicle				upon impact; instantaneously property	vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vehicle=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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