Exam question 2 · Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe
Ascertain the reason for which a child of small stature is required to employ a booster seat.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: ascertain, require, employ · To what, where: reason, child, booster seat
This is exam question 2 of lesson 37 «Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ascertain | ascertain | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 reason | det |
| 3 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Ascertain | obj |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 which | case |
| 5 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 required | obl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 child | det |
| 7 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 required | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 stature | case |
| 9 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 stature | amod |
| 10 | stature | stature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 child | nmod |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 required | aux:pass |
| 12 | required | require | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 reason | parataxis |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 employ | mark |
| 14 | employ | employ | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 required | xcomp |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 seat | det |
| 16 | booster | booster | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 seat | compound |
| 17 | seat | seat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 employ | obj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Ascertain | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ascertain | imperative | you not said here | the reason | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic | ||||
| 2 | require | present · passive | a child of small stature | for the reason | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | employ | to-infinitive | a booster seat | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seat=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
So that the child's weight is increased for safety
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 8 increased | advmod |
| 2 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 increased | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 child | det |
| 4 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 weight | nmod:poss |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 child | case |
| 6 | weight | weight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 increased | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 increased | aux:pass |
| 8 | increased | increase | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 safety | case |
| 10 | safety | safety | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 increased | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | increase | present · passive | the child's weight | for safety | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
Option 2
So that the child is positioned nearer to the airbag
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 6 positioned | advmod |
| 2 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 6 positioned | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 child | det |
| 4 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 positioned | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 positioned | aux:pass |
| 6 | positioned | position | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | nearer | near | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 6 positioned | xcomp |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 airbag | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 airbag | det |
| 10 | airbag | airbag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 positioned | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | position | present · passive | the child | to the airbag; near property | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Destination |
Option 3
So that the child may observe the road more readily
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 6 observe | advmod |
| 2 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 6 observe | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 child | det |
| 4 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 observe | nsubj |
| 5 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 observe | aux |
| 6 | observe | observe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 road | det |
| 8 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 observe | obj |
| 9 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 10 readily | advmod |
| 10 | readily | readily | ADV | _ | 6 observe | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | observe | may | the child | the road | readily property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent road=Topic |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
So that the belt passes across the shoulder and hips rather than the neck and abdomen
The tree, 16 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 5 passes | advmod |
| 2 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 5 passes | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 belt | det |
| 4 | belt | belt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 passes | nsubj |
| 5 | passes | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | across | across | ADP | _ | 8 shoulder | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 shoulder | det |
| 8 | shoulder | shoulder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 passes | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 hips | cc |
| 10 | hips | hip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 shoulder | conj |
| 11 | rather | rather | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 14 neck | cc |
| 12 | than | than | ADP | _ | 11 rather | fixed |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 neck | det |
| 14 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 passes | conj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 abdomen | cc |
| 16 | abdomen | abdomen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 neck | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass | present | the belt | the shoulder and hips | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme across shoulder=Initial_Location |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/37-seat-belts-crashes-and-keeping-safe/e2/