Exam question 3 · Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the behaviour of unsecured objects within a vehicle at the moment of collision?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: behaviour

This is exam question 3 of lesson 37 «Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Which	nmod
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 behaviour	det
10	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 objects	case
12	unsecured	unsecured	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 objects	amod
13	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 behaviour	nmod
14	within	within	ADP	_	16 vehicle	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 vehicle	det
16	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
17	at	at	ADP	_	19 moment	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 moment	det
19	moment	moment	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
20	of	of	ADP	_	21 collision	case
21	collision	collision	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 moment	nmod
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the behaviour of unsecured objects			moment	within a vehicle; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They remain at rest in their original positions

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 remain	nsubj
2	remain	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	4 rest	case
4	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 remain	obl
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 positions	case
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 positions	nmod:poss
7	original	original	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 positions	amod
8	positions	position	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 remain	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remain	present	They			rest		in their original positions	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at rest=Location

Option 2

They are propelled towards the rear of the vehicle by the impact

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 propelled	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 propelled	aux:pass
3	propelled	propel	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	towards	towards	ADP	_	6 rear	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 rear	det
6	rear	rear	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 propelled	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 vehicle	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 vehicle	det
9	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rear	nmod
10	by	by	ADP	_	12 impact	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 impact	det
12	impact	impact	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 propelled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	propel	present · passive	the impact	They				towards the rear of the vehicle	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

They continue to move forward at the former speed of the vehicle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 continue	nsubj
2	continue	continue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 move	mark
4	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 continue	xcomp
5	forward	forward	ADV	_	4 move	advmod
6	at	at	ADP	_	9 speed	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 speed	det
8	former	former	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 speed	amod
9	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 move	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 vehicle	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 vehicle	det
12	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 speed	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	continue	present	They						vn continue-55.3 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	move forward	to-infinitive	They not said here			the former speed of the vehicle		forward property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme at speed=Trajectory

Option 4

They are rendered weightless by the impact

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 rendered	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 rendered	aux:pass
3	rendered	render	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	weightless	weightless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 rendered	xcomp
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 impact	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 impact	det
7	impact	impact	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rendered	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	present · passive	the impact	They				weightless property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/37-seat-belts-crashes-and-keeping-safe/e3/