Test 10 · ★ · Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe

Why should you never cross a railway when the barriers are down, even if the train looks far away?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, barriers, train · What happens: not cross, be, look · To what, where: railway

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 37 «Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 cross	advmod
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 cross	aux
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 cross	nsubj
4	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 cross	advmod
5	cross	cross	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 down	advcl
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 railway	det
7	railway	railway	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cross	obj
8	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	12 down	advmod
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 barriers	det
10	barriers	barrier	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 down	nsubj
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 down	cop
12	down	down	ADV	_	root	root
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 looks	punct
14	even	even	ADV	_	18 looks	advmod
15	if	if	SCONJ	_	18 looks	mark
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 train	det
17	train	train	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 looks	nsubj
18	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 down	advcl
19	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	20 away	advmod
20	away	away	ADV	_	18 looks	advmod
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	12 down	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	not cross	should	you	a railway		vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent railway=Patient
2	is	present	the barriers		down property	tree rules
3	look a condition, not said to happen	present	the train		away property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Trains always stop for people

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trains	train	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stop	nsubj
2	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 stop	advmod
3	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 people	case
5	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stop	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present	Trains					for people; always property	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Trains are fast and need a very long way to stop

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trains	train	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fast	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fast	cop
3	fast	fast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 need	cc
5	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fast	conj
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 way	det
7	very	very	ADV	_	8 long	advmod
8	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 way	amod
9	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 need	obj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 stop	mark
11	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 way	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Trains		fast property	tree rules
2	need	present	Trains not said here	a long way		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot way=Theme
3	stop	to-infinitive	Trains not said here	a long way not said here		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 3

The barriers are only for cars, so walkers can go round them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 barriers	det
2	barriers	barrier	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 cars	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 cars	cop
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 cars	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 cars	case
6	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 go	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	11 go	advmod
9	walkers	walker	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 go	nsubj
10	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 go	aux
11	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 cars	parataxis
12	round	round	ADP	_	13 them	case
13	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 go	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the barriers					for cars	tree rules
2	go	can	walkers					round barriers = barrier	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme round they=Initial_Location

Option 4

Trains can steer round people

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trains	train	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 steer	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 steer	aux
3	steer	steer	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	round	round	ADP	_	5 people	case
5	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 steer	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	steer	can	Trains					round people	vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent round people=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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