Test 8 · ★ · Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe

Why does an airbag make a crash safer than hitting the steering wheel?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: airbag · What happens: make, hit · To what, where: crash, steering wheel

This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 37 «Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 make	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 make	aux
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 airbag	det
4	airbag	airbag	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 make	nsubj
5	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 crash	det
7	crash	crash	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 make	obj
8	safer	safe	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 make	xcomp
9	than	than	SCONJ	_	10 hitting	mark
10	hitting	hit	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 safer	advcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 wheel	det
12	steering	steering	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 wheel	compound
13	wheel	wheel	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 hitting	obj
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · do-support	a airbag	a crash				safe property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset crash=Product
2	hit	gerund	a airbag not said here	the steering wheel					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wheel=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

It slows the head over a longer, softer stop

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 slows	nsubj
2	slows	slow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 head	det
4	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 slows	obj
5	over	over	ADP	_	10 stop	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 stop	det
7	longer	long	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 stop	amod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 longer	punct
9	softer	soft	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 stop	amod
10	stop	stop	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 slows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	slow	present	It	the head		a longer softer stop			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent head=Patient

Option 2

It pushes the other car away before you hit it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 pushes	nsubj
2	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 car	det
4	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 car	amod
5	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pushes	obj
6	away	away	ADV	_	2 pushes	advmod
7	before	before	SCONJ	_	9 hit	mark
8	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 hit	nsubj
9	hit	hit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 pushes	advcl
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 hit	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push	present	It	the other car				away property	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Theme
2	hit	present	you	car					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme

Option 3

It bounces you straight back into your seat again

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 bounces	nsubj
2	bounces	bounce	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 bounces	obj
4	straight	straight	ADV	_	5 back	advmod
5	back	back	ADV	_	2 bounces	advmod
6	into	into	ADP	_	8 seat	case
7	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 seat	nmod:poss
8	seat	seat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bounces	obl
9	again	again	ADV	_	2 bounces	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bounce	present	It	you		your seat	again		vn run-51.3.2-2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location you=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

It makes the whole car stop instantly where it is

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 car	det
4	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 car	amod
5	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	obj
6	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 makes	xcomp
7	instantly	instantly	ADV	_	6 stop	advmod
8	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	10 is	advmod
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 is	nsubj
10	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 stop	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	make	present	It	the whole car		tree rules
2	stop	present	the whole car not said here		instantly property	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
3	be	present	car			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/37-seat-belts-crashes-and-keeping-safe/t8/