Exam question 3 · Living with friction: oil, wheels and grip
It is given that two books are interleaved page by page. Ascertain the reason for which they resist separation.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: page, you, books · What happens: give, interleave, ascertain, resist · To what, where: It, two books, reason, separation
This is exam question 3 of lesson 7 «Living with friction: oil, wheels and grip» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: It is given that two books are interleaved page by page.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 given | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | aux:pass |
| 3 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 interleaved | mark |
| 5 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 books | nummod |
| 6 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 interleaved | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 interleaved | aux:pass |
| 8 | interleaved | interleave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 given | advcl |
| 9 | page | page | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 interleaved | obj |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 page | case |
| 11 | page | page | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 interleaved | obl |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 given | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · passive | It | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | interleave | present · passive | page | two books | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Ascertain the reason for which they resist separation.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ascertain | ascertain | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 reason | det |
| 3 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Ascertain | obj |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 which | case |
| 5 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 resist | obl |
| 6 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 resist | nsubj |
| 7 | resist | resist | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 reason | acl:relcl |
| 8 | separation | separation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 resist | obj |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Ascertain | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ascertain | imperative | you not said here | the reason | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic | ||||
| 2 | resist | present | books = book | separation | for the reason | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
The books exert a magnetic attraction
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 books | det |
| 2 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 exert | nsubj |
| 3 | exert | exert | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 attraction | det |
| 5 | magnetic | magnetic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 attraction | amod |
| 6 | attraction | attraction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 exert | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | exert | infinitive | the books | a magnetic attraction | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attraction=Theme |
Option 2
The pages are united by an adhesive
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 pages | det |
| 2 | pages | page | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 united | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 united | aux:pass |
| 4 | united | unite | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 adhesive | case |
| 6 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 adhesive | det |
| 7 | adhesive | adhesive | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 united | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | unite | present · passive | a adhesive | the pages | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
The friction of numerous pages is cumulatively very great
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 friction | det |
| 2 | friction | friction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 great | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 pages | case |
| 4 | numerous | numerous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 pages | amod |
| 5 | pages | page | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 friction | nmod |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 great | cop |
| 7 | cumulatively | cumulatively | ADV | _ | 9 great | advmod |
| 8 | very | very | ADV | _ | 9 great | advmod |
| 9 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the friction of numerous pages | cumulatively, great property | tree rules |
Option 4
The air between the pages is removed entirely
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 air | det |
| 2 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 removed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | between | between | ADP | _ | 5 pages | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 pages | det |
| 5 | pages | page | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 air | nmod |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 removed | aux:pass |
| 7 | removed | remove | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | entirely | entirely | ADV | _ | 7 removed | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | remove | present · passive | the air between the pages | entirely property | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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