Test 5 · ★★ · Immigration and borders

Ethan's gran in Dover says "It's dangerous"; his grandad says "It has to stop". What do most people agree on?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: gran, grandad, most people · What happens: say, be, have, stop, agree · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 19 «Immigration and borders» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Ethan's gran in Dover says "It's dangerous"; his grandad says "It has to stop".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ethan	Ethan	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 gran	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Ethan	case
3	gran	gran	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 says	nsubj
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 Dover	case
5	Dover	Dover	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 gran	nmod
6	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 dangerous	punct
8	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 dangerous	nsubj
9	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 dangerous	cop
10	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 says	ccomp
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 dangerous	punct
12	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 says	punct
13	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 grandad	nmod:poss
14	grandad	grandad	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 says	nsubj
15	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 says	conj
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 has	punct
17	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 has	nsubj
18	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 says	ccomp
19	to	to	PART	_	20 stop	mark
20	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 has	xcomp
21	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 has	punct
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Ethan's gran in Dover		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is in a quote	present	gran	dangerous property	tree rules
3	say speech: assert	present	Dover's grandad		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	have in a quote	present	gran		tree rules
5	stop in a quote	to-infinitive	gran not said here		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What do most people agree on?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	4 people	amod
4	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 agree	nsubj
5	agree	agree	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	acl:relcl
6	on	on	ADP	_	5 agree	obl
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present							tree rules
2	agree speech: agree	present	most people						vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1

The crossings are quite safe, so there is nothing at all to worry about

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 crossings	det
2	crossings	crossing	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 safe	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 safe	cop
4	quite	quite	ADV	_	5 safe	advmod
5	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 is	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	9 is	advmod
8	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	9 is	expl
9	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 safe	conj
10	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	9 is	nsubj
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 all	case
12	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 nothing	nmod
13	to	to	PART	_	14 worry	mark
14	worry	worry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 nothing	acl
15	about	about	ADP	_	14 worry	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	the crossings		safe property	tree rules
2	be	present	nothing	there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	worry	to-infinitive	nothing not said here			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2

Nobody really uses small boats any more

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 uses	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	3 uses	advmod
3	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 boats	amod
5	boats	boat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 uses	obj
6	any	any	ADV	_	7 more	advmod
7	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 uses	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	Nobody	small boats					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Smugglers help people for free and do not charge money

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Smugglers	smuggler	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 help	nsubj
2	help	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 help	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 free	case
5	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 help	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 charge	cc
7	do	do	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 charge	aux
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 charge	advmod
9	charge	charge	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 help	conj
10	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 charge	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	present	Smugglers		people			for free	vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Beneficiary
2	not charge	infinitive · do-support	Smugglers not said here	money					vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location money=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Dangerous crossings and the smugglers who profit should be stopped

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 crossings	amod
2	crossings	crossing	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 stopped	nsubj:pass
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 smugglers	cc
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 smugglers	det
5	smugglers	smuggler	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 crossings	conj
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 profit	nsubj
7	profit	profit	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 smugglers	conj
8	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 stopped	aux
9	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 stopped	aux:pass
10	stopped	stop	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	profit		the smugglers and profit						tree rules
2	stop	should · passive		Dangerous crossings and the smugglers and profit					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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