Test 4 · ★ · Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections

What would happen if everyone believed any video could be fake?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: everyone, video · What happens: happen, believe, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 32 «Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	6 believed	mark
5	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	6 believed	nsubj
6	believed	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	advcl
7	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	8 video	det
8	video	video	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 fake	nsubj
9	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 fake	aux
10	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	11 fake	cop
11	fake	fake	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 believed	ccomp
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	happen	would			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	believe a condition, not said to happen	past	everyone		vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
3	is	could	any video	fake property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Every video would be checked automatically

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	2 video	det
2	video	video	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 checked	nsubj:pass
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 checked	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 checked	aux:pass
5	checked	check	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	automatically	automatically	ADV	_	5 checked	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	check	would · passive		every video				automatically property	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2

All deepfakes would disappear overnight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 deepfakes	det
2	deepfakes	deepfake	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 disappear	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 disappear	aux
4	disappear	disappear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	overnight	overnight	ADV	_	4 disappear	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	disappear	would	all deepfakes					overnight property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Nobody could ever tell a lie again, because nobody would believe anything they did not see in person

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 tell	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 tell	aux
3	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 tell	advmod
4	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 lie	det
6	lie	lie	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tell	obj
7	again	again	ADV	_	4 tell	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 believe	punct
9	because	because	SCONJ	_	12 believe	mark
10	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	12 believe	nsubj
11	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 believe	aux
12	believe	believe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 tell	conj
13	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	12 believe	obj
14	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 see	nsubj
15	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 see	aux
16	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	17 see	advmod
17	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 anything	acl:relcl
18	in	in	ADP	_	19 person	case
19	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 see	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	could	Nobody	a lie	ever; again		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lie=Recipient
2	believe	would	nobody	anything			vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer anything=Stimulus
3	not see	past · do-support	they			in person	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

People caught on real videos could deny what they did

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 deny	nsubj
2	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 People	acl
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 videos	case
4	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 videos	amod
5	videos	video	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 caught	obl
6	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 deny	aux
7	deny	deny	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	10 did	obj
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 did	nsubj
10	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 deny	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	catch	participle		People not said here	real videos	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	deny	could	People			vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	do	past	People			vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/t4/