Exam question 3 · Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the leaders of subdivisions of federal states.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, leaders

This is exam question 3 of lesson 8 «Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 leaders	det
11	leaders	leader	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 subdivisions	case
13	subdivisions	subdivision	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 leaders	nmod
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 states	case
15	federal	federal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 states	amod
16	states	state	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 subdivisions	nmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the leaders of subdivisions of federal states		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus leader=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Such subdivisions possess no leaders of any kind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 subdivisions	amod
2	subdivisions	subdivision	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 possess	nsubj
3	possess	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 leaders	det
5	leaders	leader	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 possess	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 kind	case
7	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	8 kind	det
8	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 leaders	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	Such subdivisions	no leaders of any kind					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot leader=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

United States states are led by governors; Canadian provinces and Australian states by premiers

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	United	United	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 States	amod
2	States	State	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 states	compound
3	states	state	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 led	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 led	aux:pass
5	led	lead	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 governors	case
7	governors	governor	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 led	obl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 provinces	punct
9	Canadian	Canadian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 provinces	amod
10	provinces	province	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 led	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 states	cc
12	Australian	Australian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 states	amod
13	states	state	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 provinces	conj
14	by	by	ADP	_	15 premiers	case
15	premiers	premier	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 led	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lead	present · passive	governors	States states				by premiers; Canadian provinces and Australian states obl	vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme by premier=Destination

Option 3

United States states are led by premiers; Canadian provinces and Australian states by governors appointed by the President

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	United	United	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 States	amod
2	States	State	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 states	compound
3	states	state	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 led	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 led	aux:pass
5	led	lead	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 premiers	case
7	premiers	premier	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 led	obl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 provinces	punct
9	Canadian	Canadian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 provinces	amod
10	provinces	province	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 led	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 states	cc
12	Australian	Australian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 states	amod
13	states	state	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 provinces	conj
14	by	by	ADP	_	15 governors	case
15	governors	governor	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 led	obl
16	appointed	appoint	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 governors	acl
17	by	by	ADP	_	19 President	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 President	det
19	President	President	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 appointed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lead	present · passive	premiers	States states				by governors; Canadian provinces and Australian states obl	vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme by governor=Destination
2	appoint	participle		governors not said here				by the President	vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

All such subdivisions are led by the national President

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 subdivisions	det
2	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 subdivisions	amod
3	subdivisions	subdivision	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 led	nsubj:pass
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 led	aux:pass
5	led	lead	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	9 President	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 President	det
8	national	national	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 President	amod
9	President	President	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 led	obl:agent

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lead	present · passive	the national President	all such subdivisions					vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/e3/