Exam question 1 · Laughed at: photos, scores, nicknames and the spotlight

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the publication of a photograph of a pupil for the purpose of ridicule?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: ridicule · What happens: follow, characteris, publish, purpose · To what, where: publication, photograph

This is exam question 1 of lesson 10 «Laughed at: photos, scores, nicknames and the spotlight» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 publication	det
10	publication	publication	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 photograph	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 photograph	det
13	photograph	photograph	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 publication	nmod
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 pupil	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 pupil	det
16	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 photograph	nmod
17	for	for	ADP	_	19 purpose	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 purpose	det
19	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 pupil	nmod
20	of	of	ADP	_	21 ridicule	case
21	ridicule	ridicule	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 purpose	nmod
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the publication of a photograph of a pupil for the purpose of ridicule	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	publish			a photograph of a pupil for the purpose of ridicule		nom publication «communication transitive»: of=patient
4	purpose		ridicule			nom purpose «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It constitutes a form of bullying for which the publisher is responsible

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 form	det
4	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 bullying	case
6	bullying	bullying	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 form	nmod
7	for	for	ADP	_	8 which	case
8	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 responsible	obl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 publisher	det
10	publisher	publisher	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 responsible	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 responsible	cop
12	responsible	responsible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bullying	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a form of bullying		vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme form=Pivot
2	is	present	the publisher		for bullying; responsible property	tree rules
3	form			bullying		nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

It constitutes a harmless jest for which no person is responsible

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 jest	det
4	harmless	harmless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 jest	amod
5	jest	jest	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 which	case
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 responsible	obl
8	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	9 person	det
9	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 responsible	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 responsible	cop
11	responsible	responsible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 jest	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a harmless jest					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme jest=Pivot
2	is	present	no person					for a harmless jest; responsible property	tree rules

Option 3

It is acceptable provided that the number of reactions is small

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 provided	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 provided	aux:pass
3	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 provided	amod
4	provided	provide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	that	that	SCONJ	_	11 small	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 number	det
7	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 small	nsubj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 reactions	case
9	reactions	reaction	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 number	nmod
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 small	cop
11	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 provided	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	provide	present · passive		It					vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	is	present	the number of reactions					small property	tree rules

Option 4

It is the fault of the person photographed for having sneezed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 fault	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fault	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 fault	det
4	fault	fault	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 photographed	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 person	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 person	det
7	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fault	nmod
8	photographed	photograph	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	for	for	SCONJ	_	10 having	mark
10	having	have	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 photographed	advcl
11	sneezed	sneeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 having	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the fault	of the person	tree rules
2	photograph	past	the fault			vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	have	gerund	the fault not said here			tree rules
4	sneeze	participle	the fault not said here			vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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