Test 3 · ★★★ · Laughed at: photos, scores, nicknames and the spotlight Ruby scored 4/20 in one test and 11/20 a month later. A kid says, "she was bottom, so she's just not clever." What does the change show?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Ruby, kid · What happens: score, say, be, not be, do · To what, where: 4/20, one test, change show · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 10 «Laughed at: photos, scores, nicknames and the spotlight» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Ruby scored 4/20 in one test and 11/20 a month later.
nsubj obj case nummod obl cc conj det obl:unmarked advmod punct root Ruby PROPN scored VERB 4/20 NUM in ADP one NUM test NOUN and CCONJ 11/20 NUM a DET month NOUN later ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ruby Ruby PROPN Number=Sing 2 scored nsubj 2 scored score VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 4/20 4/20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 scored obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 test case 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 test nummod 6 test test NOUN Number=Sing 2 scored obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 11/20 cc 8 11/20 11/20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 test conj 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 month det 10 month month NOUN Number=Sing 11 later obl:unmarked 11 later late ADV Degree=Cmp 2 scored advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 scored punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 score past Ruby 4/20 one test late property vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 4/20=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: A kid says, "she was bottom, so she's just not clever."
det nsubj punct punct nsubj cop ccomp punct advmod nsubj cop advmod advmod ccomp punct punct root A DET kid NOUN says VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT she PRON was AUX bottom ADJ , PUNCT so ADV she PRON 's AUX just ADV not PART clever ADJ . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 kid det 2 kid kid NOUN Number=Sing 3 says nsubj 3 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 8 bottom punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 8 bottom punct 6 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 bottom nsubj 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 bottom cop 8 bottom bottom ADJ Degree=Pos 3 says ccomp 9 , , PUNCT _ 15 clever punct 10 so so ADV _ 15 clever advmod 11 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 clever nsubj 12 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 clever cop 13 just just ADV _ 15 clever advmod 14 not not PART Polarity=Neg 15 clever advmod 15 clever clever ADJ Degree=Pos 3 says ccomp 16 . . PUNCT _ 15 clever punct 17 " " PUNCT _ 15 clever punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present a kid vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is in a quote past kid bottom property tree rules 3 not is in a quote present kid clever property tree rules
Sentence 3: What does the change show?
nsubj det compound obj punct root What PRON does VERB the DET change NOUN show NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 2 does nsubj 2 does do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 show det 4 change change NOUN Number=Sing 5 show compound 5 show show NOUN Number=Sing 2 does obj 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 does punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do present the change show vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent show=Eventuality
The options Option 1 The second test must have been much easier than the first
det amod nsubj aux aux cop advmod case det obl root The DET second ADJ test NOUN must AUX have AUX been AUX much ADV easier ADJ than ADP the DET first ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 test det 2 second second ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 3 test amod 3 test test NOUN Number=Sing 8 easier nsubj 4 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 easier aux 5 have have AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 easier aux 6 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 8 easier cop 7 much much ADV _ 8 easier advmod 8 easier easy ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 9 than than ADP _ 11 first case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 first det 11 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 8 easier obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is must · perfect the second test than the first; easy property tree rules
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer She's learning; a score shows what she knows so far
nsubj aux punct det nsubj parataxis obj nsubj ccomp advmod advmod root She PRON 's AUX learning VERB ; PUNCT a DET score NOUN shows VERB what PRON she PRON knows VERB so ADV far ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 learning nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 learning aux 3 learning learn VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 ; ; PUNCT _ 7 shows punct 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 score det 6 score score NOUN Number=Sing 7 shows nsubj 7 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 learning parataxis 8 what what PRON PronType=Int 10 knows obj 9 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 knows nsubj 10 knows know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 shows ccomp 11 so so ADV _ 12 far advmod 12 far far ADV Degree=Pos 10 knows advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn present · progressive She vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 show present a score vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 know present score far property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus
Option 3 Nothing; once you're bottom of the class you stay bottom
nsubj punct mark nsubj cop nmod case det nmod nsubj obj root Nothing PRON ; PUNCT once SCONJ you PRON 're AUX bottom NOUN of ADP the DET class NOUN you PRON stay VERB bottom NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 11 stay nsubj 2 ; ; PUNCT _ 6 bottom punct 3 once once SCONJ _ 6 bottom mark 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 bottom nsubj 5 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 bottom cop 6 bottom bottom NOUN Number=Sing 1 Nothing nmod 7 of of ADP _ 9 class case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 class det 9 class class NOUN Number=Sing 6 bottom nmod 10 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 stay nsubj 11 stay stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 12 bottom bottom NOUN Number=Sing 11 stay obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present you bottom of the class tree rules 2 stay present Nothing bottom vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme bottom=Location
Option 4 She must have copied someone else's answers that time
nsubj aux aux nmod:poss advmod case obj det obl:unmarked root She PRON must AUX have AUX copied VERB someone PRON else ADV 's PART answers NOUN that PRON time NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 copied nsubj 2 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 copied aux 3 have have AUX VerbForm=Inf 4 copied aux 4 copied copy VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 answers nmod:poss 6 else else ADV _ 5 someone advmod 7 's 's PART _ 5 someone case 8 answers answer NOUN Number=Plur 4 copied obj 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 time det 10 time time NOUN Number=Sing 4 copied obl:unmarked
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 copy must · perfect She someone's answers time vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Theme 2 answer someone nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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