Exam question 1 · Cringe that lasts: getting over embarrassing moments

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the failure of a competent speller upon an easy word in public competition?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: competent speller · What happens: follow, characteris, fail · To what, where: failure

This is exam question 1 of lesson 11 «Cringe that lasts: getting over embarrassing moments» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 failure	det
10	failure	failure	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	14 speller	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 speller	det
13	competent	competent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 speller	amod
14	speller	speller	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 failure	nmod
15	upon	upon	ADP	_	18 word	case
16	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 word	det
17	easy	easy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 word	amod
18	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 speller	nmod
19	in	in	ADP	_	21 competition	case
20	public	public	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 competition	amod
21	competition	competition	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 word	nmod
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the failure of a competent speller upon a easy word in public competition	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	fail		a competent speller upon a easy word in public competition			nom failure «act intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Nervousness may temporarily obstruct the recall of known material

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nervousness	nervousness	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 obstruct	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 obstruct	aux
3	temporarily	temporarily	ADV	_	4 obstruct	advmod
4	obstruct	obstruct	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 recall	det
6	recall	recall	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 obstruct	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 material	case
8	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 material	amod
9	material	material	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 recall	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	obstruct	may	Nervousness	the recall of known material	temporarily property	vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer recall=Eventuality
2	know	participle				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	recall			known material		nom recall «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

Such failure arises solely from deliberate malpractice by the judges

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 failure	amod
2	failure	failure	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 arises	nsubj
3	arises	arise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 arises	advmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 malpractice	case
6	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 malpractice	amod
7	malpractice	malpractice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 arises	obl
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 judges	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 judges	det
10	judges	judge	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 arises	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	arise	present	Such failure			deliberate malpractice		by the judges; solely property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by judge=Location

Option 3

Easy words are inherently more difficult than long words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Easy	easy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 words	amod
2	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 difficult	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 difficult	cop
4	inherently	inherently	ADV	_	6 difficult	advmod
5	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 difficult	advmod
6	difficult	difficult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	than	than	ADP	_	9 words	case
8	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 words	amod
9	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 difficult	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Easy words					than long words; difficult, inherently property	tree rules

Option 4

Such failure establishes conclusively an inability to spell

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 failure	amod
2	failure	failure	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 establishes	nsubj
3	establishes	establish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	conclusively	conclusively	ADV	_	3 establishes	advmod
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 inability	det
6	inability	inability	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 establishes	obj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 spell	mark
8	spell	spell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 establishes	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	establish	present	Such failure	a inability				conclusively property	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent inability=Patient
2	spell	to-infinitive	Such failure not said here						vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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