Exam question 2 · Virtues: courage, responsibility, rights and duties

Identify the principal relationship obtaining between rights and duties.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, principal relationship · What happens: identify, obtain · To what, where: principal relationship

This is exam question 2 of lesson 35 «Virtues: courage, responsibility, rights and duties» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 relationship	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 relationship	amod
4	relationship	relationship	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	obtaining	obtain	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 relationship	acl
6	between	between	ADP	_	7 rights	case
7	rights	right	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 obtaining	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 duties	cc
9	duties	duty	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 rights	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal relationship					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent relationship=Theme
2	obtain	gerund	the principal relationship not said here					between rights and duties	vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Duties are owed solely by those devoid of rights

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Duties	duty	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 owed	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 owed	aux:pass
3	owed	owe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 owed	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 those	case
6	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	3 owed	obl
7	devoid	devoid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 those	amod
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 rights	case
9	rights	right	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 those	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	owe	present · passive	those	Duties				solely property	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 2

Rights and duties are wholly unconnected

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rights	right	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 unconnected	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 duties	cc
3	duties	duty	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Rights	conj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 unconnected	cop
5	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	6 unconnected	advmod
6	unconnected	unconnected	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Rights and duties					unconnected, wholly property	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The right of one person imposes upon others a duty to respect it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 right	det
2	right	right	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 imposes	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 person	case
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 person	nummod
5	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 right	nmod
6	imposes	impose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	upon	upon	ADP	_	8 others	case
8	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 imposes	obl
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 duty	det
10	duty	duty	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 imposes	obj
11	to	to	PART	_	12 respect	mark
12	respect	respect	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 imposes	advcl
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 respect	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	impose	present	the right of one person	a duty				upon others	vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent duty=Theme
2	respect	to-infinitive	the right of one person not said here	duty					vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus

Option 4

Rights pertain exclusively to adults and duties to minors

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rights	right	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pertain	nsubj
2	pertain	pertain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	2 pertain	advmod
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 adults	case
5	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pertain	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 duties	cc
7	duties	duty	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 adults	conj
8	to	to	ADP	_	9 minors	case
9	minors	minor	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pertain	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pertain	present	Rights					to adults and duties; to minors; exclusively property	vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to adult=Co-Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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