Exam question 1 · Accidents, wars and deaths on the news
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the representation of fatal accidents in news reports?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, represent · To what, where: representation, fatal accidents
This is exam question 1 of lesson 60 «Accidents, wars and deaths on the news» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 characterises | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 statements | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 statements | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 statements | amod |
| 5 | statements | statement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 characterises | obl |
| 6 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 7 accurately | advmod |
| 7 | accurately | accurately | ADV | _ | 8 characterises | advmod |
| 8 | characterises | characteris | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 representation | det |
| 10 | representation | representation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 characterises | obj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 accidents | case |
| 12 | fatal | fatal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 accidents | amod |
| 13 | accidents | accident | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 representation | nmod |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 reports | case |
| 15 | news | news | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 reports | compound |
| 16 | reports | report | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 accidents | nmod |
| 17 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 characterises | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | characteris | present | the representation of fatal accidents in news reports | of the following statements; accurately property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | represent | fatal accidents in news reports | nom representation «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Such events are reported because of their gravity and comparative rarity
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 events | amod |
| 2 | events | event | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 reported | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 reported | aux:pass |
| 4 | reported | report | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 8 gravity | case |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 because | fixed |
| 7 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 gravity | nmod:poss |
| 8 | gravity | gravity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 reported | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 rarity | cc |
| 10 | comparative | comparative | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 rarity | amod |
| 11 | rarity | rarity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 gravity | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | report | present · passive | Such events | because events's gravity and comparative rarity | vn prosecute-33.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
Option 2
Such events are fabricated by broadcasters for entertainment
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 events | amod |
| 2 | events | event | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 fabricated | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 fabricated | aux:pass |
| 4 | fabricated | fabricate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 6 broadcasters | case |
| 6 | broadcasters | broadcaster | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 fabricated | obl |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 entertainment | case |
| 8 | entertainment | entertainment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fabricated | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fabricate | present · passive | broadcasters | Such events | for entertainment | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent subject=Result for entertainment=Beneficiary |
Option 3
Such events are reported only when caused deliberately
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 events | amod |
| 2 | events | event | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 reported | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 reported | aux:pass |
| 4 | reported | report | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | only | only | ADV | _ | 7 caused | advmod |
| 6 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 7 caused | advmod |
| 7 | caused | cause | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 reported | xcomp |
| 8 | deliberately | deliberately | ADV | _ | 7 caused | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | report | present · passive | Such events | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 2 | cause | participle | deliberately property | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
Option 4
Such events are reported because they occur on every journey
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 events | amod |
| 2 | events | event | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 reported | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 reported | aux:pass |
| 4 | reported | report | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 7 occur | mark |
| 6 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 occur | nsubj |
| 7 | occur | occur | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 reported | ccomp |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 journey | case |
| 9 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 journey | det |
| 10 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 occur | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | report | present · passive | Such events | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 2 | occur | present | events = event | every journey | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on journey=Location |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/60-accidents-wars-and-deaths-on-the-news/e1/