Test 11 · Why honesty matters: trust holds everything together

Destiny says, "Kayden says 'no cap' about everything and it's always cap." What does she mean?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Destiny, Kayden, cap · What happens: say, be, mean · To what, where: cap · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 of lesson 81 «Why honesty matters: trust holds everything together» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Destiny says, "Kayden says 'no cap' about everything and it's always cap."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Destiny	Destiny	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 says	punct
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 says	punct
5	Kayden	Kayden	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 says	nsubj
6	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	ccomp
7	'	'	PUNCT	_	9 cap	punct
8	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	9 cap	det
9	cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 says	obj
10	'	'	PUNCT	_	9 cap	punct
11	about	about	ADP	_	12 everything	case
12	everything	everything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	9 cap	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 cap	cc
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 cap	nsubj
15	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 cap	cop
16	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	17 cap	advmod
17	cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 says	conj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	17 cap	punct
19	"	"	PUNCT	_	17 cap	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Destiny			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	say speech: assert in a quote	present	Kayden	no cap	about everything	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent cap=Topic
3	is a in a quote	present	cap	cap	always property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does she mean?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 mean	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 mean	aux
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 mean	nsubj
4	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 mean	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present · do-support	Kayden						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Kayden says "no lie" a lot, but he is usually lying

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kayden	Kayden	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 lie	punct
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 lie	det
5	lie	lie	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	obj
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 lie	punct
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 lot	det
8	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	obl:unmarked
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 lying	punct
10	but	but	CCONJ	_	14 lying	cc
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 lying	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 lying	aux
13	usually	usually	ADV	_	14 lying	advmod
14	lying	lie	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 says	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Kayden	no lie				a lot obl:unmarked	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent lie=Topic
2	lie	present · progressive	Kayden					usually property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Kayden is always telling the truth about everything he says

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kayden	Kayden	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 telling	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 telling	aux
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 telling	advmod
4	telling	tell	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 truth	det
6	truth	truth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 telling	obj
7	about	about	ADP	_	8 everything	case
8	everything	everything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	6 truth	nmod
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 says	nsubj
10	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 telling	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	present · progressive	Kayden	the truth				about everything; always property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient about everything=Topic
2	say speech: assert	present	Kayden						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Kayden always forgets to bring his cap to school on hot days

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kayden	Kayden	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 forgets	nsubj
2	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 forgets	advmod
3	forgets	forget	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 bring	mark
5	bring	bring	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 forgets	xcomp
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 cap	nmod:poss
7	cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 bring	obj
8	to	to	ADP	_	9 school	case
9	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 bring	obl
10	on	on	ADP	_	12 days	case
11	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 days	amod
12	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 bring	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forget	present	Kayden					always property	tree rules
2	not bring	to-infinitive	Kayden not said here	Kayden's cap		school	day		vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cap=Theme to school=Destination

Option 4

Kayden never wears a hat or a cap, even when it is cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kayden	Kayden	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 wears	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 wears	advmod
3	wears	wear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 hat	det
5	hat	hat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 wears	obj
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 cap	cc
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 cap	det
8	cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hat	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 cold	punct
10	even	even	ADV	_	14 cold	advmod
11	when	when	SCONJ	_	14 cold	mark
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 cold	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 cold	cop
14	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 wears	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not wear	present	Kayden	a hat or a cap					vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hat=Theme
2	is	present	cap					cold property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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