Test 10 · Cheating at games and sport

In street cricket Arjun walks off when he's caught, without arguing. What do people think of "walking"?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Arjun, people · What happens: walk off, catch, argue, think · To what, where: street cricket, Arjun

This is test 10 of lesson 93 «Cheating at games and sport» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In street cricket Arjun walks off when he's caught, without arguing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cricket	case
2	street	street	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cricket	compound
3	cricket	cricket	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 walks	obl
4	Arjun	Arjun	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 walks	nsubj
5	walks	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	off	off	ADP	_	5 walks	compound:prt
7	when	when	SCONJ	_	10 caught	mark
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 caught	nsubj:pass
9	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 caught	aux:pass
10	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 walks	advcl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 arguing	punct
12	without	without	SCONJ	_	13 arguing	mark
13	arguing	argue	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 caught	conj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 walks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	walk off	present	Arjun		street cricket	vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	catch	present · passive		Arjun		vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
3	argue speech: disagree	gerund				vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What do people think of "walking"?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 think	obj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 think	aux
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 think	nsubj
4	think	think	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 walking	case
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 walking	punct
7	walking	walking	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 think	obl
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 walking	punct
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 think	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	present · do-support	people					of walking	vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It's against the rules of cricket, so he could be sent off for it

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 rules	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 rules	cop
3	against	against	ADP	_	5 rules	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 rules	det
5	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 cricket	case
7	cricket	cricket	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rules	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 sent	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	13 sent	advmod
10	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 sent	nsubj
11	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 sent	aux
12	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	13 sent	aux:pass
13	sent	send	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 rules	acl
14	off	off	ADP	_	13 sent	compound:prt
15	for	for	ADP	_	16 it	case
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 sent	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					against the rules; of cricket	tree rules
2	send off	could · passive		he				for cricket	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2

It means he gave up because he was tired and wanted to go home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 gave	nsubj
4	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 means	ccomp
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 gave	compound:prt
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 tired	mark
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 tired	nsubj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 tired	cop
9	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 gave	advcl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 wanted	cc
11	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 gave	conj
12	to	to	PART	_	13 go	mark
13	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 wanted	xcomp
14	home	home	ADV	_	13 go	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	mean	present	It		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	give up	past	he		vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is	past	he	tired property	tree rules
4	want	past	he not said here		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
5	go not said to happen	to-infinitive	he not said here	home property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It's hard and admirable, though not every player does it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 hard	expl
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hard	cop
3	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 admirable	cc
5	admirable	admirable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 hard	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 does	punct
7	though	though	SCONJ	_	11 does	mark
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 player	advmod
9	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	10 player	det
10	player	player	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 does	nsubj
11	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hard	conj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 does	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present			hard property	tree rules
2	be					tree rules
3	do	present	every player	it		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality

Option 4

It's silly, because umpires decide everything and players shouldn't

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 silly	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 silly	cop
3	silly	silly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 decide	punct
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 decide	mark
6	umpires	umpire	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 decide	nsubj
7	decide	decide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 silly	conj
8	everything	everything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	7 decide	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 players	cc
10	players	player	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 everything	conj
11	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 silly	conj
12	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 should	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					silly property	tree rules
2	decide	present	umpires	everything					vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent everything=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/93-cheating-at-games-and-sport/t10/