Test 5 · Cheating at games and sport

What would happen if every runner could start before the whistle?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: runner · What happens: happen, start

This is test 5 of lesson 93 «Cheating at games and sport» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	8 start	mark
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 runner	det
6	runner	runner	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 start	nsubj
7	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 start	aux
8	start	start	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 happen	advcl
9	before	before	ADP	_	11 whistle	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 whistle	det
11	whistle	whistle	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 start	obl
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	start a condition, not said to happen	could	every runner				before the whistle		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Races would be more exciting and fair, because anyone could win

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Races	race	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 exciting	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 exciting	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 exciting	cop
4	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 exciting	advmod
5	exciting	exciting	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 fair	cc
7	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 exciting	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 win	punct
9	because	because	SCONJ	_	12 win	mark
10	anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	12 win	nsubj
11	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 win	aux
12	win	win	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 exciting	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	would	Races	exciting property	tree rules
2	be		Races not said here		tree rules
3	win	could	anyone		vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Nothing; whistles are only decoration

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 whistles	compound
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	whistles	whistle	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 decoration	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 decoration	cop
5	only	only	ADV	_	6 decoration	advmod
6	decoration	decoration	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Nothing whistles	decoration					tree rules

Option 3

Everyone would get a medal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	3 get	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 get	aux
3	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 medal	det
5	medal	medal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 get	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	would	Everyone	a medal					vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer medal=Stimulus

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Races would mean nothing, and nobody would know who's fastest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Races	race	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 mean	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 mean	aux
3	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 mean	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 know	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 know	cc
7	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	9 know	nsubj
8	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 know	aux
9	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 mean	parataxis
10	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 fastest	nsubj
11	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 fastest	cop
12	fastest	fast	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 know	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	mean	would	Races	nothing		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Topic
2	know	would	nobody			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	is	present			fast property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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