Test 6 · Cheating at games and sport

Ella says, "I wasn't peeking, it was an accident... five times." What would happen if Ruby shouts "Cheat!" in front of everyone?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Ella, it, Ruby · What happens: say, not peek, be, happen, shout · To what, where: accident, Cheat, front · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 6 of lesson 93 «Cheating at games and sport» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Ella says, "I wasn't peeking, it was an accident... five times."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ella	Ella	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 peeking	punct
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 peeking	punct
5	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 peeking	nsubj
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 peeking	aux
7	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 peeking	advmod
8	peeking	peek	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 says	ccomp
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 accident	punct
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 accident	nsubj
11	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 accident	cop
12	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 accident	det
13	accident	accident	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 peeking	obl
14	...	...	PUNCT	_	16 times	punct
15	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 times	nummod
16	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 accident	appos
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 accident	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 peeking	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Ella		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	not peek in a quote	past · progressive	Ella		vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent
3	is a in a quote	past	it	a accident	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would happen if Ruby shouts "Cheat!" in front of everyone?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	6 shouts	mark
5	Ruby	Ruby	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 shouts	nsubj
6	shouts	shout	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	advcl
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 Cheat	punct
8	Cheat	cheat	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shouts	obj
9	!	!	PUNCT	_	8 Cheat	punct
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 Cheat	punct
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 front	case
12	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shouts	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 everyone	case
14	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	12 front	nmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	shout speech: express a condition, not said to happen	present	Ruby	Cheat		front of everyone			vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cheat=Topic

The options

Option 1

Ella would immediately say sorry

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ella	Ella	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 say	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 say	aux
3	immediately	immediately	ADV	_	4 say	advmod
4	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	sorry	sorry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 say	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: apologize	would	Ella					immediately, sorry property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It may start a fight; calling it out calmly and privately works better

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 start	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 start	aux
3	start	start	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 fight	det
5	fight	fight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 start	obj
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	7 calling	punct
7	calling	call	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 start	advcl
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 calling	obj
9	out	out	ADP	_	7 calling	compound:prt
10	calmly	calmly	ADV	_	7 calling	advmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 works	cc
12	privately	privately	ADV	_	13 works	advmod
13	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 start	conj
14	better	well	ADV	Degree=Cmp	13 works	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	start	may	It	a fight		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fight=Eventuality
2	call out speech: assert	gerund		fight	calmly property	vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient
3	work	present			privately, well property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Nothing; shouting always fixes cheating

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 fixes	nsubj
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	shouting	shout	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Nothing	acl
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 shouting	advmod
5	fixes	fix	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	cheating	cheating	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fixes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shout speech: express	gerund						always property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	fix	present	Nothing	cheating					vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent cheating=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Everyone would agree Ruby is right, and Ella would never ever cheat again

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	3 agree	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 agree	aux
3	agree	agree	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	Ruby	Ruby	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 right	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 right	cop
6	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 agree	ccomp
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 cheat	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 cheat	cc
9	Ella	Ella	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 cheat	nsubj
10	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 cheat	aux
11	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	13 cheat	advmod
12	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	13 cheat	advmod
13	cheat	cheat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 agree	conj
14	again	again	ADV	_	13 cheat	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	agree speech: agree	would	Everyone			vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	Ruby		right property	tree rules
3	not cheat	would	Ella	ever; again		vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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