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Test 7 · Cheating at games and sport

Your cousin says, "Armstrong still won seven times, so cheating paid off." What is wrong?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: cousin, Armstrong · What happens: say, win, pay off, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 of lesson 93 «Cheating at games and sport» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your cousin says, "Armstrong still won seven times, so cheating paid off."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 cousin	nmod:poss
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 won	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 won	punct
6	Armstrong	Armstrong	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 won	nsubj
7	still	still	ADV	_	8 won	advmod
8	won	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
9	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 times	nummod
10	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 won	obl:unmarked
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 paid	punct
12	so	so	ADV	_	14 paid	advmod
13	cheating	cheat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 paid	aux:pass
14	paid	pay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 says	ccomp
15	off	off	ADP	_	14 paid	compound:prt
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 paid	punct
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 paid	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Your cousin						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	win in a quote	past	Armstrong				still; time		vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	pay off in a quote	gerund · passive							vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Nothing; he kept all his trophies in the end

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 kept	obl:unmarked
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 kept	nsubj
4	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 trophies	det:predet
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 trophies	nmod:poss
7	trophies	trophy	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 kept	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 end	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 end	det
10	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 kept	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	past	he	Nothing			in the end		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent trophy=Theme in end=Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

He lost all seven titles and his good name; cheats steal from honest riders

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 lost	nsubj
2	lost	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 titles	det
4	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 titles	nummod
5	titles	title	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 lost	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 name	cc
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 name	nmod:poss
8	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 name	amod
9	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 titles	conj
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 steal	punct
11	cheats	cheat	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 steal	nsubj
12	steal	steal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 lost	parataxis
13	from	from	ADP	_	15 riders	case
14	honest	honest	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 riders	amod
15	riders	rider	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 steal	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	past	He	all seven titles and his good name					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent title=Eventuality
2	steal	present	cheats			honest riders			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	name		his = he						nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

Doping is allowed in cycling

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Doping	doping	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 allowed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 allowed	aux:pass
3	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 cycling	case
5	cycling	cycling	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 allowed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	allow	present · passive		Doping		cycling			vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary

Option 4

He was never caught for anything

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 caught	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 caught	aux:pass
3	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	4 caught	advmod
4	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 anything	case
6	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 caught	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not catch	past · passive		He				for anything	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Theme for anything=Beneficiary

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/93-cheating-at-games-and-sport/t7/