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Test 10 · ★ · Why cheating hurts the cheat

Ali's friend says, "Only Christians think cheating is wrong." What is accurate?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: friend, Christians, cheating · What happens: say, think, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 94 «Why cheating hurts the cheat» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Ali's friend says, "Only Christians think cheating is wrong."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ali	Ali	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 friend	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Ali	case
3	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 think	punct
7	Only	only	ADV	_	9 think	advmod
8	Christians	Christian	PROPN	Number=Plur	9 think	nsubj
9	think	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 says	parataxis
10	cheating	cheating	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 wrong	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 wrong	cop
12	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 think	ccomp
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 think	punct
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 think	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Ali's friend						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	think speech: other in a quote	present	Christians						vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is in a quote	present	cheating					wrong property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is accurate?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 accurate	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 accurate	cop
3	accurate	accurate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 accurate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						accurate property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Many faiths, including Islam and Judaism, teach that cheating is wrong

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 faiths	amod
2	faiths	faith	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 teach	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Islam	punct
4	including	including	ADP	_	5 Islam	case
5	Islam	Islam	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 faiths	nmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 Judaism	cc
7	Judaism	Judaism	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Islam	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 faiths	punct
9	teach	teach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	that	that	SCONJ	_	13 wrong	mark
11	cheating	cheating	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 wrong	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 wrong	cop
13	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 teach	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	teach speech: other	present	Many faiths including Islam and Judaism						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	cheating					wrong property	tree rules

Option 2

No religion says anything about cheating

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 religion	det
2	religion	religion	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 says	obj
5	about	about	ADP	_	6 cheating	case
6	cheating	cheating	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 anything	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	no religion	anything				about cheating	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent anything=Topic

Option 3

Muslims are allowed to cheat at markets

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Muslims	Muslim	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 allowed	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 allowed	aux:pass
3	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 cheat	mark
5	cheat	cheat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 allowed	xcomp
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 markets	case
7	markets	market	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 cheat	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	allow	present · passive		Muslims					vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality
2	cheat not said to happen	to-infinitive	Muslims not said here			markets			vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Only Christians have any rules about cheating

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 have	advmod
2	Christians	Christian	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	5 rules	det
5	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	obj
6	about	about	ADP	_	7 cheating	case
7	cheating	cheating	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rules	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Christians	any rules				about cheating	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/94-why-cheating-hurts-the-cheat/t10/