Test 6 · ★ · Galaxies and the Big Bang

my mate says dark matter is just space dust lol. is it

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, dark matter · What happens: say, be · To what, where: space dust, matter · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 24 «Galaxies and the Big Bang» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 matter	amod
5	matter	matter	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 dust	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 dust	cop
7	just	just	ADV	_	9 dust	advmod
8	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 dust	compound
9	dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	ccomp
10	lol	lol	INTJ	_	9 dust	discourse
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 it	cop
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 says	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	my mate		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	dark matter	space dust	tree rules
3	is a	present		matter	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

No, nobody yet knows what dark matter is

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 knows	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 knows	nsubj
4	yet	yet	ADV	_	5 knows	advmod
5	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 knows	ccomp
7	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 matter	amod
8	matter	matter	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 what	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 what	cop

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know	present	nobody				yet		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	is a	present	dark matter						tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

No, it is made only of black holes, which we know well

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 made	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 made	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 made	aux:pass
5	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	only	only	ADV	_	9 holes	advmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 holes	case
8	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 holes	amod
9	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 made	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 know	punct
11	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 know	obj
12	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 know	nsubj
13	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 holes	acl:relcl
14	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	13 know	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		it				of black holes	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
2	know	present	we	black holes				well property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer which=Stimulus

Option 3

Yes, it is just grey space dust drifting between stars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	8 dust	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 dust	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 dust	cop
5	just	just	ADV	_	8 dust	advmod
6	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 dust	amod
7	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 dust	compound
8	dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	drifting	drift	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 dust	acl
10	between	between	ADP	_	11 stars	case
11	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 drifting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	grey space dust					tree rules
2	drift	gerund	grey space dust not said here			stars			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between star=Trajectory

Option 4

Yes, it is the black smoke that comes off burning stars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 smoke	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 smoke	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 smoke	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 smoke	det
6	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 smoke	amod
7	smoke	smoke	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 comes	nsubj
9	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 smoke	acl:relcl
10	off	off	ADP	_	9 comes	compound:prt
11	burning	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 comes	advcl
12	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 burning	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	is a	present	it	the black smoke	tree rules
2	come off	present	the black smoke		vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme
3	burn	gerund	the black smoke not said here	stars	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent star=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/24-galaxies-and-the-big-bang/t6/