Exam question 2 · Black holes

Ascertain the consequence for the Earth's orbit were the Sun replaced by a black hole of equal mass.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, consequence · What happens: ascertain, be, replace · To what, where: Sun

This is exam question 2 of lesson 25 «Black holes» of the space course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 consequence	det
3	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 Sun	nsubj
4	for	for	ADP	_	8 orbit	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Earth	det
6	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 orbit	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 Earth	case
8	orbit	orbit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 consequence	nmod
9	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 Sun	cop
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Sun	det
11	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	ccomp
12	replaced	replace	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Ascertain	advcl
13	by	by	ADP	_	16 hole	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 hole	det
15	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 hole	amod
16	hole	hole	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 replaced	obl
17	of	of	ADP	_	19 mass	case
18	equal	equal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 mass	amod
19	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 hole	nmod
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here			vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
2	is a	past	the consequence for the Earth's orbit	the Sun		tree rules
3	replace	participle	you not said here		by a black hole of equal mass	vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The Earth would be expelled from the solar system

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Earth	det
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 expelled	nsubj:pass
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 expelled	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 expelled	aux:pass
5	expelled	expel	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	from	from	ADP	_	9 system	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 system	det
8	solar	solar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 system	amod
9	system	system	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 expelled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	expel	would · passive		the Earth		the solar system			vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme from system=Source

Option 2

The Earth would be drawn into the black hole at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Earth	det
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 drawn	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 drawn	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 drawn	aux:pass
5	drawn	draw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	into	into	ADP	_	9 hole	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 hole	det
8	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 hole	amod
9	hole	hole	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 drawn	obl
10	at	at	ADP	_	11 once	case
11	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	5 drawn	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	draw	would · passive		the Earth				into the black hole result	vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Patient into hole=Result

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The Earth would cease to move

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Earth	det
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 cease	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 cease	aux
4	cease	cease	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 move	mark
6	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 cease	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cease	would	the Earth						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	move	to-infinitive	the Earth not said here						vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The Earth would continue in its orbit as before

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Earth	det
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 continue	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 continue	aux
4	continue	continue	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 orbit	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 orbit	nmod:poss
7	orbit	orbit	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 continue	obl
8	as	as	ADP	_	9 before	case
9	before	before	ADV	_	4 continue	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	continue	would	the Earth			Earth's orbit			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/25-black-holes/e2/