Test 5 · ★★★ · How we know: measuring the sky

Why was it so amazing that helium was found in the Sun before on Earth?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: it · What happens: be, find · To what, where: helium, Sun

This is test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 28 «How we know: measuring the sky» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 amazing	advmod
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 amazing	cop
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 amazing	nsubj
4	so	so	ADV	_	5 amazing	advmod
5	amazing	amazing	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	that	that	SCONJ	_	9 found	mark
7	helium	helium	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 found	nsubj:pass
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 found	aux:pass
9	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 amazing	advcl
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 Sun	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Sun	det
12	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 found	obl
13	before	before	ADP	_	15 Earth	case
14	on	on	ADP	_	15 Earth	case
15	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 found	obl
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 amazing	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	it					amazing property	tree rules
2	find	past · passive		helium		the Sun	before Earth		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Scientists identified a new element from 150 million km away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 identified	nsubj
2	identified	identify	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 element	det
4	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 element	amod
5	element	element	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 identified	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	9 km	case
7	150	150	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 million	compound
8	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 km	nummod
9	km	km	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 identified	obl
10	away	away	ADV	_	2 identified	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	past	Scientists	a new element		million km		away property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent element=Theme

Option 2

It proved that the Sun is really cold underneath its glowing outside

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 proved	nsubj
2	proved	prove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 cold	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Sun	det
5	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 cold	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 cold	cop
7	really	really	ADV	_	8 cold	advmod
8	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 proved	ccomp
9	underneath	underneath	SCONJ	_	11 glowing	mark
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 glowing	nsubj
11	glowing	glow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 cold	advcl
12	outside	outside	ADV	_	11 glowing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	prove	past	It		vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	the Sun	cold property	tree rules
3	glow	gerund	Sun	outside property	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The Sun is made only of helium

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 made	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 made	aux:pass
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	only	only	ADV	_	7 helium	advmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 helium	case
7	helium	helium	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		the Sun				of helium	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Option 4

Helium is the heaviest element

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Helium	helium	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 element	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 element	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 element	det
4	heaviest	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 element	amod
5	element	element	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Helium	the heaviest element					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/t5/