Exam question 3 · Electric cars and charging

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the legal position of privately owned electric scooters in the United Kingdom?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, own · To what, where: legal position

This is exam question 3 of lesson 19 «Electric cars and charging» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 position	det
10	legal	legal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 position	amod
11	position	position	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	16 scooters	case
13	privately	privately	ADV	_	14 owned	advmod
14	owned	own	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 scooters	amod
15	electric	electric	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 scooters	amod
16	scooters	scooter	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 position	nmod
17	in	in	ADP	_	20 Kingdom	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 Kingdom	det
19	United	United	PROPN	_	20 Kingdom	flat
20	Kingdom	Kingdom	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 scooters	nmod
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the legal position of owned electric scooters in the United Kingdom	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	own	participle		privately property	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Their use is lawful for children under twelve when accompanied by a parent

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 use	nmod:poss
2	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lawful	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 lawful	cop
4	lawful	lawful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 children	case
6	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lawful	obl
7	under	under	ADP	_	8 twelve	case
8	twelve	twelve	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 children	nmod
9	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	10 accompanied	advmod
10	accompanied	accompany	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 lawful	advcl
11	by	by	ADP	_	13 parent	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 parent	det
13	parent	parent	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 accompanied	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	Their use	for children under twelve; lawful property	tree rules
2	accompany	participle	Their use not said here	by a parent	vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by parent=Destination
3	use		Their = they		nom use «act transitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

Their use is lawful upon pavements only

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 use	nmod:poss
2	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lawful	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 lawful	cop
4	lawful	lawful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 pavements	case
6	pavements	pavement	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lawful	obl
7	only	only	ADV	_	6 pavements	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Their use					upon pavements; lawful property	tree rules
2	use		Their = they						nom use «act transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Their use upon public roads and pavements is unlawful

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 use	nmod:poss
2	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 unlawful	nsubj
3	upon	upon	ADP	_	5 roads	case
4	public	public	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 roads	amod
5	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 use	nmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 pavements	cc
7	pavements	pavement	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 roads	conj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 unlawful	cop
9	unlawful	unlawful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Their use upon public roads and pavements					unlawful property	tree rules
2	use		Their = they					upon public roads and pavements	nom use «act transitive»: poss=agent upon=obl

Option 4

Their use is lawful for all persons on all roads

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 use	nmod:poss
2	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lawful	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 lawful	cop
4	lawful	lawful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 persons	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 persons	det
7	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lawful	obl
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 roads	case
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 roads	det
10	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 persons	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Their use					for all persons on all roads; lawful property	tree rules
2	use		Their = they						nom use «act transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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