Exam question 3 · Hi, hello and how are you

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the distinction between yak ty? and yak vy?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, yak · To what, where: distinction, vy

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1 «Hi, hello and how are you» of the Ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Which	nmod
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 distinction	det
10	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	between	between	ADP	_	13 ty	case
12	yak	yak	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 ty	compound
13	ty	ty	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 distinction	nmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 yak	cc
16	yak	yak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 characterises	conj
17	vy	vy	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 yak	obj
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the distinction	between yak ty; accurately property	tree rules
3	yak speech: other	infinitive	vy		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Both are reserved exclusively for grandparents

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	3 reserved	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 reserved	aux:pass
3	reserved	reserve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	3 reserved	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 grandparents	case
6	grandparents	grandparent	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 reserved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reserve	present · passive		Both				for grandparents; exclusively property	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Theme for grandparent=Beneficiary

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The former is addressed to a single familiar person, whereas the latter is addressed to an elder or to several persons

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 former	det
2	former	former	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 addressed	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 addressed	aux:pass
4	addressed	address	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	9 person	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 person	det
7	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 person	amod
8	familiar	familiar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 person	amod
9	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 addressed	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 addressed	punct
11	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	15 addressed	mark
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 latter	det
13	latter	latter	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 addressed	nsubj
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 addressed	aux:pass
15	addressed	address	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 addressed	conj
16	to	to	ADP	_	18 elder	case
17	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 elder	det
18	elder	elder	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 addressed	obl
19	or	or	CCONJ	_	22 persons	cc
20	to	to	ADP	_	22 persons	case
21	several	several	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 persons	amod
22	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 elder	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	address	present · passive		the former				to a single familiar person	vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination
2	address	present · passive		the latter				to a elder or several persons	vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination

Option 3

The former concerns health, whereas the latter concerns the weather

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 health	det
2	former	former	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 health	amod
3	concerns	concern	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 health	compound
4	health	health	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerns	nsubj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 concerns	punct
6	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	9 concerns	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 latter	det
8	latter	latter	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 concerns	nsubj
9	concerns	concern	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 weather	det
11	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerns	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	concern	present	the former concerns health	the weather					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus weather=Experiencer

Option 4

The former is polite, whereas the latter is informal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 former	det
2	former	former	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 polite	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 polite	cop
4	polite	polite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 informal	punct
6	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	10 informal	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 latter	det
8	latter	latter	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 informal	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 informal	cop
10	informal	informal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 polite	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the former					polite property	tree rules
2	is	present	the latter					informal property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/ukrainian-street/1-hi-hello-and-how-are-you/e3/