Exam question 3 · Bruises and hand-washing; cats, dogs and ponies

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the expression "kotyku" when addressed by one adult to another?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, address · To what, where: expression

This is exam question 3 of lesson 21 «Bruises and hand-washing; cats, dogs and ponies» of the Ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 expression	det
10	expression	expression	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 kotyku	punct
12	kotyku	kotyku	NOUN	Foreign=Yes	10 expression	appos
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 kotyku	punct
14	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	15 addressed	advmod
15	addressed	address	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 characterises	xcomp
16	by	by	ADP	_	18 adult	case
17	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	18 adult	nummod
18	adult	adult	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 addressed	obl
19	to	to	ADP	_	20 another	case
20	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	15 addressed	obl
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the expression	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	address	participle		by one adult; to another	vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is a reproach for idleness, likening the addressee to a lazy cat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 reproach	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reproach	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 reproach	det
4	reproach	reproach	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 idleness	case
6	idleness	idleness	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 reproach	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 likening	punct
8	likening	liken	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 reproach	acl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 addressee	det
10	addressee	addressee	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 likening	obj
11	to	to	ADP	_	14 cat	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 cat	det
13	lazy	lazy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 cat	amod
14	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 likening	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a reproach				for idleness	tree rules
2	liken	gerund	a reproach not said here	the addressee				to a lazy cat	tree rules

Option 2

It is a reference to a domestic animal only

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 reference	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reference	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 reference	det
4	reference	reference	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	8 animal	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 animal	det
7	domestic	domestic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 animal	amod
8	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 reference	nmod
9	only	only	ADV	_	8 animal	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a reference				to a domestic animal	tree rules

Option 3

It is an instruction to make haste

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 instruction	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 instruction	cop
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 instruction	det
4	instruction	instruction	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 make	mark
6	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 instruction	acl
7	haste	haste	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 make	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a instruction					tree rules
2	make	to-infinitive		haste					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset haste=Product

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It is a term of endearment, comparable to "darling"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 term	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 term	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 term	det
4	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 endearment	case
6	endearment	endearment	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 term	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 comparable	punct
8	comparable	comparable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 term	appos
9	to	to	ADP	_	11 darling	case
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 darling	punct
11	darling	darling	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 comparable	obl
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 comparable	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a term				of endearment	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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