Exam question 1 · Farm animals, forest animals and pets

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the use of the nouns "korOva", "svynya" and "zhAba" when applied to persons?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, apply, use · To what, where: use, nouns

This is exam question 1 of lesson 22 «Farm animals, forest animals and pets» of the Ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Which	nmod
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 use	det
10	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 nouns	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 nouns	det
13	nouns	noun	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 use	nmod
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 korOva	punct
15	korOva	korova	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 nouns	appos
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 korOva	punct
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 svynya	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 svynya	punct
19	svynya	svynya	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	parataxis
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 svynya	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 zhAba	cc
22	"	"	PUNCT	_	23 zhAba	punct
23	zhAba	zhaba	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 svynya	conj
24	"	"	PUNCT	_	23 zhAba	punct
25	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	26 applied	advmod
26	applied	apply	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 characterises	advcl
27	to	to	ADP	_	28 persons	case
28	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 applied	obl
29	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the use of the nouns	accurately property	tree rules
3	apply	participle		to persons	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	use		the nouns		nom use «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Such usage is a respectful mode of address

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 usage	amod
2	usage	usage	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 mode	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 mode	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 mode	det
5	respectful	respectful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 mode	amod
6	mode	mode	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 address	case
8	address	address	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 mode	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Such usage	a respectful mode				of address	tree rules

Option 2

Such usage is reserved for formal occasions

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 usage	amod
2	usage	usage	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 reserved	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reserved	aux:pass
4	reserved	reserve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 occasions	case
6	formal	formal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 occasions	amod
7	occasions	occasion	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 reserved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reserve	present · passive		Such usage				for formal occasions	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Theme for occasion=Beneficiary

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Such usage constitutes an insult

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 usage	amod
2	usage	usage	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 constitutes	nsubj
3	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 insult	det
5	insult	insult	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 constitutes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	Such usage	a insult					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme insult=Pivot

Option 4

Such usage constitutes a term of endearment

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 usage	amod
2	usage	usage	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 constitutes	nsubj
3	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 term	det
5	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 constitutes	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 endearment	case
7	endearment	endearment	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 term	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	Such usage	a term of endearment					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme term=Pivot
2	term			endearment					nom term «communication transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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